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ᱛᱩᱲ

ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ
ᱛᱩᱲ
ᱢᱮᱥᱨᱮᱡ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ: Late Eocene – Recent
Sciuridae ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ
Callosciurus prevostii Eutamias sibiricus Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
Sciurus niger Urocitellus columbianus Paraxerus cepapi
Geosciurus inauris Marmota sp. Cynomys ludovicianus
ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ e
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Mammalia
Order:ᱨᱚᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱭᱟ
Suborder:ᱥᱤᱣᱩᱨᱚᱢᱚᱨᱯᱷᱟ
Family:ᱥᱤᱣᱩᱨᱤᱰᱟᱭ
Fischer de Waldheim, 1817
Type genus
Sciurus
Linnaeus, 1758
ᱡᱚᱜᱚ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ
Sciuridae ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ

ᱛᱩᱲ (ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ-Sciuridae) ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱥᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ, ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱯᱢᱟᱝᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱮᱨᱤ ᱰᱚᱜᱽ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ), ᱟᱨ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ, ᱤᱣᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱵᱽᱼᱡᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱭᱚᱥᱮᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱶᱴᱮᱱ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱳᱨᱢᱟᱣᱩᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱒]

ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱥᱠᱩᱣᱟᱨᱮᱞ (Squirrel) ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱑᱓᱒᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱮᱝᱜᱽᱞᱳ-ᱱᱳᱨᱢᱟᱱ esquirel ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱞᱰ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ escureil ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ sciurus ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,[᱓] ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱥᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ σκίουρος (skiouros; σκιᾱ́ ('ᱩᱢᱩᱞ') ᱟᱨ οὐᱨᾱ́ ('ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ') ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱚᱱᱚ ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾[᱔][᱕] Sciurus ᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱱᱟᱥ (genera) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱕]

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱳᱞᱰ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ācweorna ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱞ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ aquerne ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,[᱖] ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱳᱞᱰ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ - ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ Eichhörnchen; ᱱᱚᱨᱣᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ ikorn/ekorn; ᱰᱟᱪ eekhoorn; ᱥᱩᱭᱰᱤᱥ ekorre ᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱱᱤᱥ egern ᱾

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ "ᱰᱨᱟᱭ"[᱗] ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ "ᱥᱠᱚᱨᱤ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱘]

ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱱᱩᱭ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱟᱬᱜᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱤᱫ ᱳᱨᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱭન્ટ ᱛᱩᱲ (ᱡᱮᱱᱟᱥ Ratufa) ᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱡᱟᱝ—ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱳᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ sciuromorphous ᱨᱩᱯ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ ᱾

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱜᱽᱢᱤ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱤᱜᱽᱢᱤ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱐-᱑᱔ ᱥᱮ.ᱢᱤ. ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱒-᱒᱖ ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ,[᱙][᱑᱐] ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭન્ટ ᱯᱷᱞᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑.᱒᱗ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑] ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱚᱴ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒][᱑᱓] ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱬ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱳᱴᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱑᱔]

ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱲᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱩᱵ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ (pads) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ[᱑᱕] ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱨᱟᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱮᱡᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱜᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱖] ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ, ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱬᱜᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱯᱟ ᱑᱘᱐ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱩᱞᱴᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱗]

ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱴᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭᱟ, ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱩᱪᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱕]

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ (ᱜᱮᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱤᱫᱤᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱩᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ $ \frac{1.0.1.3}{1.0.1.3} $ ᱾[᱑᱘]

ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:[᱑᱙]

  • ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ, ᱦᱚᱭ, ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾
  • ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ, ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱟᱲᱮᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾
  • ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱢᱩᱫ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾
  • ᱫᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱥᱩᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾
  • ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱤᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱐] ᱛᱩᱲ ᱩᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭᱟ ᱾[᱒᱑]

ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱚᱞ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ-ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱒᱒]

ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱕ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱑᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱓] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱠᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚᱥᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱱᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ,[᱒᱔] ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾

ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱩᱲ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ kits ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱯᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱨᱵᱷᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱵ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ, ᱰᱟᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱬᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ, ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱚᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ, ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱕]

ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱮ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ-ᱥᱤᱢᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ,[᱒᱕] ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ— ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱰᱩᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱒᱖]

ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱵᱮᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱛᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱗]

ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ, ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱞ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱘] ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ-ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱷᱩᱜᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱾[᱒᱙] ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱚᱫᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱣ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ, ᱥᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱩᱰᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱐] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ, ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱡᱚ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱸᱭᱮ (mushrooms) ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱾[᱓᱐] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ Cyclobalanopsis, ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱤᱲᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱩᱰᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱟ ᱾[᱓᱑] ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱩᱲ, particolored flying squirrel ᱟᱨ Hainan flying squirrel ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱡᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱫᱟᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱢᱤᱥᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ 'ᱢᱚᱨᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ-ᱴᱮᱱᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱭᱮᱱᱴ' ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓᱑]

ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱛᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ
ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱞᱥᱤᱝᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ Seurasaari ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱒]
ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱰᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱩᱞᱳᱡᱽ (cellulose) ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱤᱱ, ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱳᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱮᱴᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱨᱵᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ-ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱱᱤᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱡᱟ ᱩᱰᱩᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ), ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ (buds) ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ-ᱱᱟᱹᱲᱤ, ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱡᱚ, ᱡᱟᱝ, ᱠᱳᱱ, ᱡᱚ, ᱠᱟᱸᱭᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱒᱒][᱓᱓] ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ, ᱵᱤᱧ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱵᱤᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ-ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱓᱔]

ᱯᱟᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ, ᱛᱩᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ synanthropes ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱮᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱥᱤᱱᱼᱟᱨᱵᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ' (synurbanization) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓᱕] ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱣ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱫ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ- ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ), ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱤᱝᱥᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ thirteen-lined ground squirrel ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱾[᱓᱖] ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ, ᱑᱙᱒᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱨᱰ ᱵᱮᱭᱞᱤ (Bernard Bailey) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱞ-ᱯᱮ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ (thirteen-lined ground squirrel) ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱓᱗] ᱣᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱵᱤᱧ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱓᱘] ᱚᱠᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱸᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ: ᱒᱐᱐environment᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱡᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱓᱙] ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱔᱐][᱔᱑]

ᱣᱤᱴᱮᱠᱚᱨ ᱑᱓᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱞ-ᱯᱮ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ (thirteen-lined ground squirrels) ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱡ ᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ-ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱪᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ; ᱵᱨᱮᱰᱞᱤ (Bradley) ᱖᱐᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ-ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱞᱳᱯ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱡ ᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱑᱐% ᱛᱩᱲ ᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱨᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔᱒][᱔᱓] ᱢᱳᱨᱜᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ-ᱪᱟᱭᱞᱚᱢ ᱮᱱᱴᱤᱞᱳᱯ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱞᱠᱤ ᱯᱚᱠᱮᱴ ᱪᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱔᱔]

ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱵᱤᱱᱭᱟᱥ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱞᱤᱵᱽᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱢᱤᱣᱡᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱚᱠᱥ ᱛᱩᱲ (Sciurus niger)
ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱩᱲ (Callosciurus erythraeus thaiwanensis)
ᱠᱨᱳᱣᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱜᱽᱨᱮᱵᱽ ᱪᱤᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮ-ᱨᱚᱝ ᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱮᱵᱷᱳᱥᱴ ᱛᱩᱲ (Callosciurus prevostii)

ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ (subfamilies) ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱱ (genera) ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱒᱘᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ (species) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱔᱕] ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ (fossil), Hesperopetes, ᱫᱚ Chadronian ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱞᱮᱴ ᱤᱭᱳᱥᱤᱱ, ᱟᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱔᱐–᱓᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ), ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱤᱱ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱔᱖]

ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱤᱭᱳᱥᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱳᱥᱤᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ "ᱟᱹᱫᱤ-ᱛᱩᱲ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ (ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱤᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ) ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ, ᱛᱩᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔᱗]

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ (fossil) ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ, ᱡᱤᱣᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱛᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ (phylogeny) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ: Ratufinae (Oriental giant squirrels), Sciurillinae ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱾ Ratufinae ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱴᱨᱳᱯᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱤᱜᱽᱢᱤ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱫᱚ Sciurillinae ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱡᱤᱣᱮᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱚᱬ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ; ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱤᱣᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱔᱗]

ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ: Callosciurinae, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ; Ratufinae, ᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ; Sciurinae, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱩᱲ (Pteromyini) ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱘᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ;[᱔᱘] Sciurillinae, ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ; ᱟᱨ Xerinae, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ (tribes) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ Marmotini (ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱳᱴ, ᱪᱤᱯᱢᱟᱝᱠ, ᱯᱨᱮᱭᱨᱤ ᱰᱚᱜᱽ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ), Xerini (ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱤᱣᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ), ᱟᱨ Protoxerini (ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ) ᱾

ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱵᱤᱱᱭᱟᱥ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  • ᱵᱮᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ incertae sedis Sciuridae (ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ)
  • ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ Cedromurinae (ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ)
  • ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ Ratufinae – ᱳᱨᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱩᱲ (᱑ ᱜᱚᱱ, ᱔ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)
  • ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ Sciurillinae – ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱴᱨᱳᱯᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱤᱜᱽᱢᱤ ᱛᱩᱲ (ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱱ)
  • ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ Sciurinae
    • ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ Sciurini – ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ (᱕ ᱜᱚᱱ, ᱟᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱓᱘ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)
    • ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ Pteromyini – ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱩᱲ (᱑᱕ ᱜᱚᱱ, ᱟᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱔᱕ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)
  • ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ Callosciurinae – ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ
    • ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ Callosciurini (᱑᱓ ᱜᱚᱱ, ᱟᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱖᱐ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)
    • ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ Funambulini ᱛᱟᱞᱮ ᱛᱩᱲ/ᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ (᱑ ᱜᱚᱱ, ᱕ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)
  • ᱩᱯ-ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ Xerinae – ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ
    • ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ Xerini – ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱢ ᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱲ (᱓ ᱜᱚᱱ, ᱖ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)
    • ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ Protoxerini (᱖ ᱜᱚᱱ, ᱟᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱕᱐ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)
    • ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ Marmotini – ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱩᱲ, ᱢᱟᱨᱢᱳᱴ, ᱪᱤᱯᱢᱟᱝᱠ, ᱯᱨᱮᱭᱨᱤ ᱰᱚᱜᱽ, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ (᱖ ᱜᱚᱱ, ᱟᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱙᱐ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)

ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  1. ↑ Seebeck, J. H. "Sciuridae" (PDF). Fauna of Australia. Archived from the original on 17 January 2015. Retrieved 2013-11-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  2. ↑ Kay, Emily H.; Hoekstra, Hopi E. (20 May 2008). "Rodents". Current Biology. 18 (10): R406–R410. Bibcode:2008CBio...18.R406K. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.03.019. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 18492466.
  3. 1 2 3 "Squirrel". Oxford English Dictionary (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Vol. 10 (Sole–Sz) (1 Corrected re-issue ed.). Oxford, UK: The Clarendon Press. 1933. p. 749 – via Internet Archive.
  4. ↑ "squirrel, n.". The Oxford English Dictionary (2nd. ed.). Oxford University Press. 1989. Retrieved 8 November 2010.
  5. 1 2 Whitaker & Elman 1980, p. 370.
  6. ↑ "Aquerne". Oxford English Dictionary (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Vol. 1 (A–B) (1 Corrected re-issue, 1970 reprint ed.). Oxford, UK: The Clarendon Press. 1913. p. 422 – via Internet Archive.
  7. ↑ Lipton, James (1991). An Exaltation of Larks (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-30044-0.
  8. ↑ Universe in Your Pocket by Joel Levy, published by Barnes & Noble, Inc.
  9. ↑ Kingdon, J. (1997). The Kingdon Guide to African Mammals. Academic Press Limited, London. ISBN 0-12-408355-2.
  10. ↑ Payne, J.; C.F. Francis (1998). A Field Guide to the Mammals of Borneo (3 ed.). The Sabah Society. p. 243. ISBN 967-99947-1-6.
  11. ↑ Choudhury, A. (2002). "Petaurista nobilis singhei: First record in India and a note on its taxonomy". The Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 99 (1): 30–34.
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  13. ↑ Armitage, K.B.; Blumstein, D.T. (2002). "Body-mass diversity in marmots. Holarctic marmots as a factor of biodiversity". In K.B. Armitage; V.Yu. Rumiantsev (eds.). Holarctic Marmots as a Factor of Biodiversity. ABF Publishing House. pp. 22–32.
  14. ↑ Tree Squirrels, Wildlife Online, 23 November 2010.
  15. 1 2 3 Milton (1984)
  16. ↑ "Rodents". How Stuff Works. 22 April 2008. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  17. ↑ Thorington, Richard W.; Koprowski, John L.; Steele, Michael A.; Whatton, James F. (2012). Squirrels of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-4214-0469-1.
  18. ↑ The Beginning of the Age of Mammals Kenneth D. Rose (2006) ISBN 978-0-801-88472-6 p. 326
  19. ↑ "Why do squirrels have bushy tails? | Nuts About Squirrels". Archived from the original on 2023-03-24. Retrieved 2026-05-02.
  20. ↑ Genova, Cosmo (2022-01-11). "How to Preserve a Squirrel Pelt For Fly Tying". Field & Stream (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2024-06-01.[permanent dead link]
  21. ↑ Valla, Mike (2016-09-05). Tying and Fishing Bucktails and Other Hair Wings: Atlantic Salmon Flies to Steelhead Flies (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8117-6532-9.
  22. 1 2 Squirrel Place Archived ᱒᱗ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ at the Wayback Machine.. squirrels.org. Retrieved 14 December 2010.
  23. ↑ Thorington, Richard W.; Koprowski, John L.; Steele, Michael A.; Whatton, James F. (2012). Squirrels of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-4214-0469-1.
  24. ↑ "Squirrel Rehab". Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  25. ↑ "Red & Gray Squirrels in Massachusetts". MassWildlife. Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. Archived from the original on 17 May 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
  26. ↑ Törmälä, Timo; Vuorinen, Hannu; Hokkanen, Heikki (1980). "Timing of circadian activity in the flying squirrel in central Finland". Acta Theriologica. 25 (32–42): 461–474. doi:10.4098/at.arch.80-42. ISSN 0001-7051.
  27. ↑ McNamee, Kai (June 29, 2023). "The heat is making squirrels 'sploot' — a goofy act that signals something serious". NPR. Retrieved August 8, 2023.
  28. ↑ Andersson, Malte; Krebs, John (1978). "On the evolution of hoarding behaviour". Animal Behaviour. 26: 707–711. Bibcode:1978AnBeh..26..707A. doi:10.1016/0003-3472(78)90137-9. ISSN 0003-3472. S2CID 53154232.
  29. ↑ HADJ-CHIKH, LEILA Z.; STEELE, MICHAEL A.; SMALLWOOD, PETER D. (1996). "Caching decisions by grey squirrels: a test of the handling time and perishability hypotheses". Animal Behaviour. 52 (5): 941–948. Bibcode:1996AnBeh..52..941H. doi:10.1006/anbe.1996.0242. ISSN 0003-3472.
  30. 1 2 Xiao, Zhishu; Gao, Xu; Zhang, Zhibin (2013-04-05). "The combined effects of seed perishability and seed size on hoarding decisions by Pére David's rock squirrels". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 67 (7): 1067–1075. Bibcode:2013BEcoS..67.1067X. doi:10.1007/s00265-013-1531-8. ISSN 0340-5443. S2CID 253815798.
  31. 1 2 Xu, Han; Xia, Lian; Spence, John R; Lin, Mingxian; Lu, Chunyang; Li, Yanpeng; Chen, Jie; Luo, Tushou; Li, Yide; Fang, Suqin (2023-06-13). "Flying squirrels use a mortise-tenon structure to fix nuts on understory twigs". eLife. 12. doi:10.7554/elife.84967. ISSN 2050-084X. PMC 10328505. PMID 37309191. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmc= value (help); Check |pmid= value (help); Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
  32. ↑ Merja Laavola: Eläinten elintasosairaudet näkyvät Seurasaaressa. Vartti Etelä-Helsinki, Sanoma Kaupunkilehdet, 2010. (in Finnish)
  33. ↑ "Russian squirrel pack 'kills dog'". bbc.co.uk. 1 December 2005. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
  34. ↑ Richard W. Thorington, Katie Ferrell – Squirrels: the animal answer guide, JHU Press, 2006, ISBN 0-8018-8402-0, ISBN 978-0-8018-8402-3, p. 75.
  35. ↑ Peiman, Kathryn (June 2016). "Sublethal consequences of urban life for wild vertebrates". Environmental Reviews. 24 (4): 416–425. Bibcode:2016EnvRv..24..416B. doi:10.1139/er-2016-0029. hdl:1807/74036.
  36. ↑ Friggens, M. (2002). "Carnivory on Desert Cottontails by Texas Antelope Ground Squirrels". The Southwestern Naturalist. 47 (1): 132–133. Bibcode:2002SWNat..47..132F. doi:10.2307/3672818. JSTOR 3672818.
  37. ↑ Bailey, B. (1923). "Meat-eating propensities of some rodents of Minnesota". Journal of Mammalogy. 4 (2): 129. doi:10.1093/jmammal/4.2.129.
  38. ↑ Wistrand, E.H. (1972). "Predation on a Snake by Spermophilus tridecemlineatus". American Midland Naturalist. 88 (2): 511–512. doi:10.2307/2424389. JSTOR 2424389.
  39. ↑ "Russian Squirrel Pack Kills Dog". BBC News. December 2005. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  40. ↑ "Cornwall squirrel 'pack' attacks boy, three". BBC News. 14 July 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  41. ↑ Lafrance, Adrienne (21 June 2017). "When Squirrels Attack – A cautionary tale". The Atlantic. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  42. ↑ Whitaker, J.O. (1972). "Food and external parasites of Spermophilus tridecemlineatus in Vigo County, Indiana". Journal of Mammalogy. 53 (3): 644–648. doi:10.2307/1379067. JSTOR 1379067.
  43. ↑ Bradley, W. G. (1968). "Food habits of the antelope ground squirrel in southern Nevada". Journal of Mammalogy. 49 (1): 14–21. doi:10.2307/1377723. JSTOR 1377723.
  44. ↑ Morgart, J. R. (May 1985). "Carnivorous behavior by a white-tailed antelope ground squirrel Ammospermophilus leucurus". The Southwestern Naturalist. 30 (2): 304–305. Bibcode:1985SWNat..30..304M. doi:10.2307/3670745. JSTOR 3670745.
  45. ↑ Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (2011). "Class Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3148: 56–60. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.9.
  46. ↑ Emry, R. J.; Korth, W. W. (2007). "A new genus of squirrel (Rodentia, Sciuridae) from the mid-Cenozoic of North America". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27 (3): 693–698. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[693:ANGOSR]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 85847849.
  47. 1 2 Steppan & Hamm (2006)
  48. ↑ Steppan, S. J. B. L. Storz, and R. S. Hoffmann. 2004. Nuclear DNA phylogeny of the squirrels (Mammalia: Rodentia) and the evolution of arboreality from c-myc and RAG1. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 30:703-719.
  49. ↑ Blakeslee, Sandra (29 August 1997). "Kentucky Doctors Warn Against a Regional Dish: Squirrels' Brains". The New York Times. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  50. ↑ Rettner, Rachael (October 15, 2018). "Man Dies from Extremely Rare Disease After Eating Squirrel Brains". LiveScience. Retrieved April 9, 2022.

ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱠᱚ

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