ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ
ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ (Sans: गार्गी वाचक्नवी (Devanagari); Gārgī Vācaknavī (IAST)) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ (philosopher) ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ,[᱑][᱒] ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱭᱟᱠᱷᱭᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ, [᱓] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱔] ᱵᱨᱤᱦᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱱᱭᱚᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱬ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱦᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱑][᱕] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱯᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱖][᱗] ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ, ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱜᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱩ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ (ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱘᱐᱐-᱕᱐᱐ BC), ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱩᱱᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤ-ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱜᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱩ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ (ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱘᱐᱐-᱕᱐᱐ BC), ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒][᱘] ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ, Vadava Pratitheyi ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱞᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱨᱮᱭᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱙] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱱᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ-ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ (debate) ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱑᱐] ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱥᱣᱟᱞᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱤᱦᱭᱚ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾[᱘]
ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱵᱨᱤᱦᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱱᱭᱚᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱦᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱩᱭᱚ ᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ, ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱱᱮᱣᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱚᱱ, ᱜᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱦᱩᱛᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚ ᱜᱭᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱘] ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱭᱟᱱᱤᱭ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱪᱮᱞᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱥᱨᱚᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ (debate) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱞᱮᱧᱡᱽ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒]
ᱚᱥᱣᱟᱞᱚ, ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱦᱤᱛ, ᱟᱨᱛᱚᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ, ᱵᱷᱩᱡᱽᱭᱩ, ᱩᱥᱚᱥᱛᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱫᱽᱫᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱭᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱓][᱑] ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱫᱽ (reality's warp) ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱔] ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ, "ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ?", ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱦᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱱᱭᱚᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ (᱓.᱖) ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:[᱑᱕]
| “ | ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱾
ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ? ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ (intermediate regions) ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ? ᱜᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱨᱵᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱾ |
” |
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱟᱱᱰᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ, ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ, ᱤᱯᱤᱞ, ᱫᱮᱣᱛᱟ, ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ? ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ:[᱑᱔]
| “ | ᱦᱮ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱤᱛᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱱ (past), ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ (present) ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ (future) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ - ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ?
ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ "ᱚᱣᱟᱝ" (Space) |
” |
ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱩᱱᱛᱩᱥ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ:[᱑᱔]
| “ | ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱣᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ?
ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ: ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ, ᱦᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ, ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱥᱭᱟ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥᱤ (Imperishable) ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ, ᱦᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ, ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱚᱣᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ |
” |
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚ (ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ? ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟ, ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱱᱛᱩᱞᱚᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱫ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ,[᱑][᱑᱕] ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ: "ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱬ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱯᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱯᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱱᱤᱣᱩᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱧᱤᱧ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱭᱟ ᱾"[᱑᱓] ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱟᱱᱫᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ (ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝᱟᱱ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ) ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱑]
ᱭᱳᱜᱟ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱳᱜᱟ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱳᱜᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱖] ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒] ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ-ᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 'ᱞᱮᱠᱪᱟᱨ' ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾[᱑᱒] ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱦᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱱᱭᱚᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱳᱜᱟ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱾[᱑᱒]
ᱯᱚᱯᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]᱒᱐᱑᱕-᱑᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱳ ᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱮ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱪᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱰᱤᱥᱱᱤ+ ᱦᱚᱴᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱣᱟᱥᱛᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱨᱤᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱬ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱱᱟᱠᱥᱤ ᱥᱮᱴᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾[᱑᱗]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ahuja 2011, p. 34.
- 1 2 "Gargi". University of Alabama Astronomy.
- ↑ Mani, Vettam (1975). Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary With Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 348–9. ISBN 0-8426-0822-2.
- ↑ Banerji 1989, p. 614.
- ↑ Swami Sivananda. "The Virgin Philosopher". sivanandaonline.org.[permanent dead link]
- ↑ Kapur-Fic 1998, p. 323.
- ↑ Kumar 2004, p. 158.
- 1 2 3 Great Women of India. Know India. Prabhat Prakashan. 2005. p. 15. ISBN 978-81-87100-34-8.
- ↑ Mookerji 1998, p. 171.
- ↑ O'Malley 1970, p. 331.
- ↑ Gadkari 1996, p. 86.
- 1 2 3 4 Ranganathan, Shyam (2023), Waithe, Mary Ellen; Boos Dykeman, Therese (eds.), "Gārgī Vācaknavī of India गार्गी वाचक्नवी fl. Eighth Century BCE", Women Philosophers from Non-western Traditions: The First Four Thousand Years (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ), Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 53–73, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-28563-9_3, ISBN 978-3-031-28563-9, retrieved 2025-11-13
- 1 2 Mookerji 1998, p. 129.
- 1 2 3 Carmody & Brink 2013, p. 95.
- 1 2 Glucklich 2008, pp. 64–65.
- ↑ Yogayajnavalkya Samhita – The Yoga Treatise of Yajnavalkya, by T. K. V. Desikachar and T. Krishnamacharya, Krishnamacharya Yoga Mandiram (2004), ISBN 81-87847-08-5.
- ↑ "Instagram". www.instagram.com. Retrieved 2024-01-11.
ᱵᱤᱵᱽᱞᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- Ahuja, M.L. (2011). Women in Indian Mythology. Rupa Publications. ISBN 978-81-291-2171-4.
- Banerji, Sures Chandra (1 January 1989). A Companion to Sanskrit Literature: Spanning a Period of Over Three Thousand Years, Containing Brief Accounts of Authors, Works, Characters, Technical Terms, Geographical Names, Myths, Legends, and Several Appendices. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0063-2.
- Carmody, Denise; Brink, T. (1 January 2013). Cengage Advantage Books: Ways to the Center: An Introduction to World Religions. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1-285-41529-1.
- Gadkari, Jayant (1 January 1996). Society and Religion: From Rugveda to Puranas. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-7154-743-2.
- Glucklich, Ariel (11 April 2008). The Strides of Vishnu : Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-971825-2.
- Great Women of India. Know India. PrabhatPrakashan. 2005. ISBN 978-81-87100-34-8.
- Kapur-Fic, Alexandra R. (1 January 1998). Thailand: Buddhism, Society, and Women. Abhinav Publications. ISBN 978-81-7017-360-1.
- Kumar, Raj (1 January 2004). Essays on Social Reform Movements. Discovery Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7141-792-6.
- Mody, Rekha (1999). A Quest for Roots: Stree Shakti. Stree Shakti.
- Mookerji, Radha Kumud (1 January 1998). Ancient Indian Education: Brahmanical and Buddhist. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-0423-4.
- O'Malley, Charles Donald (1970). The History of Medical Education: An International Symposium Held February 5-9, 1968. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-01578-4.
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]* Women Philosophers * Gargi, The first women Philosopher
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