ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ

ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ (ᱛᱚᱨ. 'ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ') ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱭᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱭᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱜᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱷᱟᱱ" ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ "ᱥᱚᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ" ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱕᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱑]^[᱒]

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ; ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱛᱤ; ᱟᱨ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱕᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱣᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱫᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱓]

᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱝᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱗᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱥᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱾^[᱔]

ᱥᱴᱨᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ

ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ (ᱯᱤᱟᱨᱟᱭᱤ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱒ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱗᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱸᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱸᱥᱚᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱕]

ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ) ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ
ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱴ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ
ᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ

ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱸᱪ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾^[᱖] ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱗] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱘]

ᱫᱩᱯᱩᱲᱩᱵ

ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱹᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱖ (᱓) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱫᱩᱯᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱙]

ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ

ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ, ᱥᱚᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱥᱚᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ (ᱥᱟᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ) ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ (ᱩᱯᱚ-ᱥᱟᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯ-ᱥᱚᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱐]^[᱑᱑]

ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱒-᱑᱐-᱐᱕ at the Wayback Machine. ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱩᱥᱩᱪᱤᱛ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱑]

ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ

ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ
- ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱧᱮᱞ, ᱱᱟᱞᱟ, ᱯᱚᱞ, ᱠᱩᱸᱧ ᱧᱮᱞ, ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱾
- ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱴ ᱞᱟᱢᱯᱷ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ ᱾^[᱑᱑]
- ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ (ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ)
- ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ, ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ ᱾
- ᱩᱪᱤᱛ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱠᱨᱮᱰᱤᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ ᱾
- ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ, ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ ᱾^[᱑᱑]
ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ (ᱱᱭᱟᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ; ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱭᱟᱭ ᱾)
- ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱢᱮ ᱾
- ᱑᱐᱐ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
- ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱑]

ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ

ᱵᱤᱱᱳᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ Chaturvedi, Mahesh Chandra (2012). India's waters. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-1439872833. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
↑ "Ground Rules". Scroll.in. 14 February 2015. Archived from the original on 15 June 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
↑ "Panchayati Raj – History". www.rajpanchayat.rajasthan.gov.in. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 2020-12-01.
↑ Sapra, Ipsita (February 2013). "Living in the villages". Rural Democracy. D+C Development and Cooperation. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
↑ Benoy Banerjee; Irfaan Khan; Rajeev Kumar; et al. (2006). "Chapter Eight: Local Governments". India Constitution at Work: Textbook in Political Science for Class XI. National Council of Educational Research and Training. ISBN 81-7450-550-4. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
↑ Seetharam, Mukkavilli (1 January 1990). Citizen Participation in Rural Development (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mittal Publications. p. 34. ISBN 9788170992271.
↑ "Rajasthan Sarpanch Salary 2021 – What is the Salary Of Sarpanch". Exam Craze (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2021-01-30. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 2021-12-03.
↑ Social Science (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Vk Publications. p. 117. ISBN 9788179732144.^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ "The Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act, 1994" (PDF). Lawsofindia.org. 2002. Section 6.(3). Archived from the original on 13 July 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
↑ "What is Gram Sabha". Vikaspedia. Archived from the original on 2 February 2021. Retrieved 2022-02-28.
1 2 3 4 5 "Panchayati Raj System in India | Definition, Examples, Diagrams". www.toppr.com (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 4 December 2020.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ
Subramaniam Vincent (28 February 2002). "Ugly duckling to swan". India Together.
"Indian local governments" (Harvard University) Archived ᱒᱖ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ at the Wayback Machine.
"ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ" (ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱵᱤᱫᱭᱟᱯᱤᱛ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱯᱩᱨ)

[Chaturvedi-1] Chaturvedi, Mahesh Chandra (2012). India's waters. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-1439872833. Retrieved 14 July 2015.

[scroll-2] "Ground Rules". Scroll.in. 14 February 2015. Archived from the original on 15 June 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2020.

[3] "Panchayati Raj – History". www.rajpanchayat.rajasthan.gov.in. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 2020-12-01.

[DC-4] Sapra, Ipsita (February 2013). "Living in the villages". Rural Democracy. D+C Development and Cooperation. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2015.

[5] Benoy Banerjee; Irfaan Khan; Rajeev Kumar; et al. (2006). "Chapter Eight: Local Governments". India Constitution at Work: Textbook in Political Science for Class XI. National Council of Educational Research and Training. ISBN 81-7450-550-4. Archived from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 29 August 2020.

[6] Seetharam, Mukkavilli (1 January 1990). Citizen Participation in Rural Development (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mittal Publications. p. 34. ISBN 9788170992271.

[7] "Rajasthan Sarpanch Salary 2021 – What is the Salary Of Sarpanch". Exam Craze (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2021-01-30. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 2021-12-03.

[8] Social Science (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Vk Publications. p. 117. ISBN 9788179732144.^{[permanent dead link]}

[9] "The Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act, 1994" (PDF). Lawsofindia.org. 2002. Section 6.(3). Archived from the original on 13 July 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[10] "What is Gram Sabha". Vikaspedia. Archived from the original on 2 February 2021. Retrieved 2022-02-28.

[Toppr_Panchayati_Raj-11] 1 2 3 4 5 "Panchayati Raj System in India | Definition, Examples, Diagrams". www.toppr.com (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 4 December 2020.

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