ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ: ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱟᱠ ᱠᱚ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ
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Fagu Baskey (ᱨᱚᱲ | ᱮᱱᱮᱢ)
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Fagu Baskey (ᱨᱚᱲ | ᱮᱱᱮᱢ)
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ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱑: ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱑:


{{ଛୋଟ| Kalpana Chawla}}
{{Infobox astronaut
{{Infobox astronaut
| name = ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ
| name = ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ
| image = Kalpana Chawla, NASA photo portrait in orange suit.jpg
| image = [[File:Kalpana Chawla, NASA photo portrait in orange suit.jpg|thumb]]
| caption = ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ
| caption = ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ
| birth_date = ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱗, ᱑᱙᱖᱒
| birth_date = ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱗, ᱑᱙᱖᱒

᱑᱓:᱒᱔, ᱒᱕ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ

ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ
[[File:
|frameless|alt=|ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ]]
ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱗, ᱑᱙᱖᱒
ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱞ, ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ
(ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ)
ᱜᱩᱨ᱑ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ (᱔᱐ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ)
Aboard Space Shuttle Columbia over Texas, U.S.
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫPunjab Engineering College
University of Texas at Arlington
University of Colorado at Boulder
ᱯᱷᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ
(Time in space)
᱓᱑ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ, ᱑᱔ ᱴᱟᱬᱟᱝ, ᱕᱔ ᱴᱤᱲᱤᱡ[᱑]
ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ1994 NASA Group
ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱSTS-87, STS-107
Mission insignia
ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:CS Medal of Honor


ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ (ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱗, ᱑᱙᱖᱒[᱒][᱓] – ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑, ᱒᱐᱐᱓) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥᱪᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ।[᱓] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱙᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱰ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ mission specialist ᱟᱨ primary robotic arm operator ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱗ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ (Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)[᱔] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱚᱣᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱚᱱᱚᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱟᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱚᱥᱯᱮᱥ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱥᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱮ ᱟᱥᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱞᱨᱟᱰᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱤᱹᱮᱪᱹᱰᱤᱹ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ [᱕] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑᱙ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥᱪᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱠᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ [᱖] ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱭᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱟᱫ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾[᱗] ᱟᱡ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱩᱯᱜᱽᱨᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ -᱑ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ı[᱘]

ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ

ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱗ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱬᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ [᱙] ᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱟᱨᱚᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱧᱡᱚᱛᱤ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱵᱩᱦᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱤᱰᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱤᱫᱟᱹᱨ ᱡᱷᱚᱜ ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱟᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱦᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱯᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱵᱩᱦᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱛᱨᱟ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ India Today ᱯᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱯᱩᱞᱤ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱠᱩᱴᱷᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱦᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱷᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱞᱟᱯᱷᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱟᱠᱞᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ

ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ

ᱵᱨᱩᱛᱤ

ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ

ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ

STS-107 Mission Specialist Kalpana Chawla

ᱜᱩᱨ

ᱢᱟᱹᱱ

  • Asteroid 51826 Kalpanachawla, କଲମ୍ବିଆରେ ଯାତ୍ରା କରିଥିବା ମହାକାଶଚାରୀ ଦଳରେ କଳ୍ପନାଙ୍କ ନାମ ।[᱑᱐]
  • ୨୦୦୩ ମସିହା ଫେବୃୟାରୀ ମାସ ୫ ତାରିଖରେ ଭାରତର ପ୍ରଧାନ ମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଘୋଷଣା କରିଥିଲେ ଯେ ପାଣିପାଗ ସୂଚନା ଦେଉଥିବା କୃତ୍ରିମ ଉପଗ୍ରହ ଶୃଙ୍ଖଳା MetSatର ପୁନଃ ନାମକରଣ କରାଯାଇ ଏହାର ନାମ "କଳ୍ପନା" ("Kalpana") ରଖାଯିବ । ଭାରତଦ୍ୱାରା ପ୍ରେରଣ କରାଯାଇଥିବା ଏହି ଶୃଙ୍ଖଳାର ପ୍ରଥମ ଉପଗ୍ରହ "MetSat-1"କୁ ୨୦୦୨ ମସିହା ସେପ୍ଟେମ୍ବର ମାସ ୧୨ ତାରିଖରେ "କଳ୍ପନା-୧" ("Kalpana-1") ନାମରେ ନାମିତ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା ।[᱑᱑]
  • ନିୟୁ ୟର୍କ ସ‌ହରର କୁଇନ୍‌ସ୍‌ଠାରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ଜ୍ୟାକ୍‌ସନ୍ ହାଇଟ୍‌ସ୍‌ର ୭୪ତମ ରାସ୍ତାକୁ କଳ୍ପନାଙ୍କ ସମ୍ମାନରେ Kalpana Chawla Way ନାମରେ ନାମିତ କରାଯାଇଛି ।[15]
  • ଯୁବ ମହିଳା ବୈଜ୍ଞାନିକମାନ‌ଙ୍କୁ ପୁରସ୍କୃତ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ୨୦୦୪ ମସିହାରୁ କର୍ଣ୍ଣାଟକ ସରକାର Kalpana Chawla Award ନାମକ ପୁରସ୍କାର ପ୍ରଦାନ କରୁଛନ୍ତି ।[16]
  • ନାସା ଏକ ସୁପର୍ କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର୍ ଚାୱଲାଙ୍କୁ ଉତ୍ସର୍ଗ କରିଛି ।[17]
  • Florida Institute of Technologyର Columbia Village Suites ନାମକ ଛାତ୍ର-ଛାତ୍ରୀମାନ‌ଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ନିର୍ମିତ ଏକ ଆପାର୍ଟମେଣ୍ଟରେ ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ହଲ୍‌କୁ ଜଣେ ଜଣେ ମହାକାଶଚାରୀଙ୍କ ନାମରେ ନାମିତ କରାଯାଇଛି । ଏହି ହଲ୍‌ଗୁଡ଼ିକ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଚାୱଲାଙ୍କ ନାମରେ ନାମିତ ହଲ୍‌ଟିଏ ମଧ୍ୟ ଅଛି ।
  • The NASA Mars Exploration Rover mission has named seven peaks in a chain of hills, named the Columbia Hills, after each of the seven astronauts lost in the Columbia shuttle disaster. One of them is Chawla Hill, named after Chawla.
  • Steve Morse from the band Deep Purple created the song "Contact Lost" in memory of the Columbia tragedy along with her interest in the band. The song can be found on the album Bananas.[18]
  • Novelist Peter David named a shuttlecraft, the Chawla, after the astronaut in his 2007 Star Trek novel, Star Trek: The Next Generation: Before Dishonor.[19]
  • The Kalpana Chawla ISU Scholarship fund was founded by alumni of the International Space University (ISU) in 2010 to support Indian student participation in international space education programs.[20]
  • The Kalpana Chawla Memorial Scholarship program was instituted by the Indian Students Association (ISA) at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) in 2005 for meritorious graduate students.[21]
  • The Kalpana Chawla Outstanding Recent Alumni Award at the University of Colorado, given since 1983, was renamed after Chawla.[22]
  • The University of Texas at Arlington, where Chawla obtained a Master of Science degree in aerospace engineering in 1984, opened a dormitory named Kalpana Chawla Hall in 2004.[23] In addition, the university dedicated the Kalpana Chawla Memorial on May 3, 2010, in Nedderman Hall, one of the primary buildings in the College of Engineering.[24]
  • The girls' hostel at Punjab Engineering College is named after Chawla. In addition, an award of INR twenty-five thousand, a medal, and a certificate is instituted for the best student in the Aeronautical Engineering department.[25]
  • The Government of Haryana established the Kalpana Chawla Planetarium in Jyotisar, Kurukshetra.[26]
  • The Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, named the Kalpana Chawla Space Technology Cell in her honor.[27][28]
  • Delhi Technological University named a girls' hostel block after Chawla.[29]
  • A military housing development at Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland, has been named Columbia Colony, and includes a street named Chawla Way.
  • Hostel blocks in Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Sagar Institute of Research & Technology, VIT University and Pondicherry University have been named after Chawla.[30][31]


ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

  1. "Life facts". NASA. Retrieved February 27, 2014.
  2. Salwi, Dilip M (20 February 2004). "Did you know Kalpana was called Monto?". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 7 May 2004. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  3. ᱓.᱐ ᱓.᱑ Basu, Biman (May 2012). "Book Review: Biography of Kalpana Chawla" (PDF). Science Reporter. pp. 40–41. Retrieved 2013-07-06. Born on 17 March 1962 in Karnal, Haryana
  4. "Kalpana Chawla". Retrieved 2012-05-24.
  5. Salim Rizvi (December 11, 2006). "Indo-US astronaut follows Kalpana's footsteps". New York: BBC. Retrieved November 20, 2012. Almost four years after the death of the first Indian-American astronaut Kalpana Chawla in the Columbia space shuttle disaster, Nasa has sent another woman of Indian origin into space.
  6. Chawla, Kalpana (1984), MS Thesis Optimization of cross flow fan housing for airplane wing installation., University of Texas at Arlington, p. 97
  7. http://www.preservearticles.com/201103034359/biography-of-indian-astronaut-kalpana-chawla.html
  8. http://kalpanachawla.tripod.com/id16.html
  9. Salwi, Dilip M (20 February 2004). "Did you know Kalpana was called Monto?". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 7 May 2004. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  10. "Tribute to the Crew of Columbia". NASA JPL. Retrieved 2007-06-10.
  11. "ISRO METSAT Satellite Series Named After Columbia Astronaut Kalpana Chawla". Spaceref.com. Retrieved 2007-06-10.

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