ᱟᱰᱩᱨ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ
	ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱢᱚᱲ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ
	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ
	ᱠᱳᱣᱚᱨᱰᱤᱱᱮᱴᱥ: 9°12′N 76°46′E / 9.20°N 76.76°ECoordinates: 9°12′N 76°46′E / 9.20°N 76.76°E
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ	India
ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ	ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ
ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ	ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ
• ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ	ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ
ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ
• ᱜᱩᱴ	20.82 ᱠᱤᱢᱤ২ (8.04 ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ)
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ (᱒᱐᱑᱑)
• ᱜᱩᱴ	᱒᱙᱑᱗᱑
• ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ	1400/ᱠᱤᱢᱤ2 (3600/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱹᱭᱤᱞ)
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ
• ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ	ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ, ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ
ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ	ᱭᱩ.ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ+5:30 (IST)
ᱯᱤᱱ (PIN)	᱖᱙᱑ ᱕᱒᱓
ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ	+᱙᱑ ᱔᱗᱓᱔-XXXXXX
ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ	KL-26 (ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽ RTO)
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ	᱑᱑᱓᱒ ♀/᱑᱐᱐᱐ ♂
ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ	ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ (᱑᱘ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ), ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ (᱔᱔ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ)
ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ	᱙᱖.᱓᱑%
ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ	www.adoormunicipality.in

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑]^[᱒] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 18 km (11.2 mi) ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱵᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 90 km (55.9 mi) ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱙,᱑᱗᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱓]

ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ

ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ "ᱟᱰᱩᱨ" (ᱟᱰ-ᱩᱨ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ: "ᱟᱰ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ "ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ" (ᱟᱫᱟᱨᱱᱩ) ᱟᱨ "ᱩᱨ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ "ᱴᱷᱟᱶ" ᱥᱮ "ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ" ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱟᱫᱟᱨᱱᱩ ᱠᱤᱴᱴᱤᱭᱟ ᱩᱨᱩ" ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

"ᱟᱰ" ᱫᱚ "ᱟᱫᱽᱭᱟᱱ" (ആഢ്യൻ) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ "ᱟᱫᱽᱭᱟᱱᱢᱟᱨᱩᱫᱮ ᱩᱨᱩ" (ആഢ്യൻമാരുടെ ഊര്) ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ (A.D.) ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱭ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱷ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱟᱫᱤᱢᱟᱝᱜᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱞᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱳᱞᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱞᱤᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱢᱚᱱᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^{[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ]}

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱤᱞᱟᱭᱤᱫᱟᱛᱷᱩ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱗᱔᱑ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱟᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱮᱴᱴᱩᱵᱷᱮᱴᱴᱤᱞ ᱯᱤᱞᱞᱟᱭ (ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱝᱦᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱠᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱩᱱᱰᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱮᱞᱞᱤᱢᱩᱴᱴᱤᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱰᱷᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱨᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱪᱤᱛᱛᱩᱱᱰᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱫᱽᱞᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱞᱞᱤᱢᱩᱴᱴᱤᱞ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱴᱤᱯᱩ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱜᱚᱣᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱭᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱑᱘᱑᱒ A.D. ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱳᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱨᱟᱢᱟᱯᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱲ ᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱑ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱪᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ-ᱠᱳᱪᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱨᱚᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱕᱖ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ, ᱠᱳᱪᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱑᱓-ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱟᱯᱯᱩᱡᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤᱠᱠᱟᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^{[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ]}

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱸᱴ ᱛᱷᱳᱢᱟᱥ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱫᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ) ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱘᱐ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

᱑᱙᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ: ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱜᱚᱵᱷᱴ. ᱭᱩᱯᱤ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

᱑᱙᱓᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱮ ᱦᱤᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ SNDP ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱨᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱫᱮᱥ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱣᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ SNDP ᱟᱨ NSS ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱤᱡ MP ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱱᱴᱳ ᱟᱱᱴᱳᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱤᱡ MLA ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱴᱴᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱠᱚ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱮᱞ	ᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ	ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞᱟᱨ	ᱫᱚᱞ
᱑	ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱨᱟᱯᱩᱨᱟᱢ	ᱥᱩᱥᱤ ᱡᱳᱥᱮᱯᱷ	INC
᱒	ᱤ ᱵᱷᱤ (E V) ᱣᱟᱨᱰ	ᱟᱱᱩ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱱ	INC
᱓	ᱯᱟᱱᱱᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱷᱟ	ᱟᱯᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱞ	CPI
᱔	ᱥᱟᱞᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ	ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥ	CPI(M)
᱕	ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱤᱞ ᱤᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ	ᱥᱟᱥᱤᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ	INC
᱖	ᱡᱚᱣᱟᱦᱚᱨ	ᱰᱤ. ᱥᱟᱡᱤ	CPI
᱗	ᱟᱱᱟᱱᱫᱟᱯᱟᱞᱞᱤ	ᱨᱟᱡᱤ ᱪᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ	CPI
᱘	ᱯᱳᱛᱷᱨᱳᱰᱩ	ᱥᱨᱤᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱭᱟᱨ	BJP
᱙	ᱮᱢ ᱡᱤ (M G) ᱣᱟᱨᱰ	ᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤ	ᱱᱤᱨᱫᱚᱞ (Independent)
᱑᱐	ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ	ᱵᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱤ	INC
᱑᱑	ᱯᱟᱱᱱᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ	ᱥᱟᱥᱤᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ	INC
᱑᱒	ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ	ᱨᱤᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱭᱮᱞ	INC
᱑᱓	ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱡᱤ	ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱮ	CPM
᱑᱔	ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱠᱳᱰ	ᱮᱢ ᱟᱞᱟᱵᱷᱩᱫᱤᱱ	ᱱᱤᱨᱫᱚᱞ (Independent)
᱑᱕	ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱠᱳᱰ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ	ᱟᱱᱩᱯ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ	INC
᱑᱖	ᱟᱱᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱨᱟᱢᱟᱯᱩᱨᱟᱢ	ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱢᱚᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ	INC
᱑᱗	ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱠᱳᱰ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ	ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱛᱷᱩᱞᱟᱥᱤᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱯᱯᱩ	CPI
᱑᱘	ᱴᱤ ᱵᱤ (T B) ᱣᱟᱨᱰ	ᱞᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱡᱤ	UDF
᱑᱙	ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱟᱢᱠᱳᱰᱩ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ	ᱟᱡᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱜᱤᱥ	LDF
᱒᱐	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ	Adv. ᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ	CPI(M)
᱒᱑	ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱟᱢᱠᱳᱰᱩ	ᱫᱤᱵᱽᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱡᱤ	CPI(M)
᱒᱒	ᱱᱮᱞᱞᱤᱢᱩᱴᱤᱞᱯᱟᱰᱤ	ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱮᱠᱥᱢᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱩ	INC
᱒᱓	ᱟᱭᱭᱟᱯᱟᱱᱯᱟᱨᱟ	ᱵᱤᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱩ	ᱱᱤᱨᱫᱚᱞ (Independent)
᱒᱔	ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱣᱟᱨᱰ	ᱨᱳᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱩᱱᱰᱤᱞ	CPI(M)
᱒᱕	ᱢᱩᱱᱱᱟᱞᱟᱢ	ᱟᱱᱤᱛᱷᱟᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱮ	ᱱᱤᱨᱫᱚᱞ (Independent)
᱒᱖	ᱯᱨᱤᱭᱟᱫᱟᱨᱥᱤᱱᱤ	ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱟ ᱛᱷᱳᱢᱟᱥ	ᱱᱤᱨᱫᱚᱞ (Independent)
᱒᱗	ᱦᱳᱞᱤᱠᱨᱚᱥ (Holycross)	ᱠᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱮᱥ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ	LDF
᱒᱘	ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤᱭᱟᱠᱟᱵᱷᱤᱞᱪᱤᱨᱟ	ᱡᱚᱭᱟᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱱ ᱮᱥ	INC

^[᱔]

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱡᱷᱮᱱᱪᱮᱨᱤ (ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ), ᱠᱳᱱᱱᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱪᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱕]

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱠᱚ

ᱮᱞ	ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ	ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ
᱑	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
᱒	ᱠᱳᱡᱷᱮᱱᱪᱮᱨᱤ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
᱓	ᱠᱳᱱᱱᱤ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱽᱞᱚᱠ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱽᱞᱚᱠ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱵᱽᱞᱚᱠ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ (ᱛᱷᱩᱢᱯᱟᱢᱳᱱ, ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱮᱠᱠᱮᱠᱟᱨᱟ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱡᱷᱮᱱᱪᱮᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱮᱞ	ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱰᱤ (Local body) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ	ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ/ᱵᱽᱞᱚᱠ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ	ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ	ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ
᱑	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
᱒	ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ	ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
᱓	ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱠᱳᱰ	ᱵᱽᱞᱚᱠ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
᱔	ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ	ᱵᱽᱞᱚᱠ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ

ᱮᱞ	ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ	ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ	ᱛᱟᱞᱩᱠ	ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ
᱑	ᱠᱳᱰᱩᱢᱳᱱ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱠᱳᱰᱩᱢᱳᱱ, ᱟᱝᱜᱟᱰᱤᱠᱠᱟᱞ
᱒	ᱮᱡᱷᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱮᱡᱷᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ, ᱮᱱᱟᱛᱷᱩ
᱓	ᱯᱟᱞᱞᱤᱠᱠᱟᱞ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱯᱟᱞᱞᱤᱠᱠᱟᱞ, ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱝᱜᱟᱱᱟᱰᱩ
᱔	ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱢᱯᱟᱱᱟᱰ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱢᱯᱟᱱᱟᱰ
᱕	ᱮᱱᱟᱫᱤᱢᱟᱝᱜᱟᱞᱟᱢ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱮᱱᱟᱫᱤᱢᱟᱝᱜᱟᱞᱟᱢ
᱖	ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱮᱠᱠᱮᱠᱟᱨᱟ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱮᱠᱠᱮᱠᱟᱨᱟ
᱗	ᱛᱷᱩᱢᱯᱟᱢᱳᱱ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱛᱷᱩᱢᱯᱟᱢᱳᱱ
᱘	ᱮᱨᱟᱛᱷᱩ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱟᱰᱩᱨ	ᱮᱨᱟᱛᱷᱩ

^[᱖]

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱥᱚᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ	ᱦᱚᱲ.	±%
1951	᱑᱓,᱗᱔᱕	—
1991	᱒᱖,᱖᱓᱙	+93.8%
2001	᱒᱘,᱙᱕᱒	+8.7%
2011	᱒᱙,᱑᱗᱑	+0.8%

᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱙,᱑᱗᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ (density) ᱫᱚ 1,401 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,630/sq mi) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ, ᱔᱗.᱑% ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱕᱒.᱙% ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱘.᱒᱗% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱰᱭᱩᱞ ᱠᱟᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱰᱭᱩᱞ ᱴᱨᱟᱭᱤᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒.᱔᱑% ᱟᱨ ᱐.᱑᱓% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱖.᱓᱑% (ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱙᱗.᱔᱙% ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱙᱕.᱒᱗%) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱙᱔% ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱗᱔.᱐᱔% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ (᱒᱐᱑᱑)

ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ (53.97%)

ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ (36.55%)

ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ (9.33%)

None (0.1%)

Other (0.04%)

᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱔% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱱᱳᱨᱤᱴ) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱗% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱙% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾

ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱚ

ᱜᱚᱵᱷᱴ. ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ

ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱯᱷᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨᱥᱯᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱴᱤᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱢᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱱ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱦᱳᱞᱤᱠᱨᱚᱥ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱢᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴ ᱥᱤᱱᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ, ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟᱞ
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱴᱮᱨᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱢᱳᱥᱮᱥ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱥᱤᱡᱤᱥ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱰᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱐ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱥᱥᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱱᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (᱒᱘ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ), ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱟᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ (᱓᱑ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ), ᱵᱤᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱪᱟᱨᱪ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ (᱓᱗ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ) ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱛᱷᱩᱛᱩ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ (᱑᱘ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱡᱟᱹ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱱᱟᱰᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^{[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ]}

ᱥᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱯᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ

ᱡᱩᱢᱟ ᱟᱞ ᱢᱚᱥᱡᱤᱫᱽ, ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ - ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱮᱞ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱥᱮᱸᱴ ᱛᱷᱳᱢᱟᱥ ᱚᱨᱛᱷᱳᱰᱚᱠᱥ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱮᱰᱨᱟᱞ, ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱟᱢᱠᱳᱰ
ᱥᱮᱸᱴ ᱢᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱚᱨᱛᱷᱳᱰᱚᱠᱥ ᱪᱟᱨᱪ, ᱦᱳᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱯᱤᱞᱜᱽᱨᱤᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ, ᱠᱟᱨᱩᱵᱷᱟᱴᱴᱟ - ᱟᱰᱩᱨ

ᱦᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱱ

ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱨᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ, ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ, ᱠᱟᱭᱟᱱᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ, ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱞᱩᱨ, ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ KSRTC ᱵᱟᱥ ᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱔ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ, ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱭᱯᱟᱥ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱱᱟ ᱾

KSRTC ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱞᱟᱠᱥ, ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱟᱥᱴ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱥᱴ ᱯᱮᱥᱮᱱᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱸᱜᱟᱞᱳᱨ, ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱯᱟᱞ, ᱢᱟᱨᱛᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟᱢ, ᱛᱷᱟᱞᱟᱠᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ, ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱛᱷᱮᱨᱤ, ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱠᱠᱟᱞᱩᱨ, ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱩᱨ, ᱩᱫᱟᱭᱟᱜᱤᱨᱤ, ᱠᱳᱡᱷᱤᱠᱳᱰ, ᱛᱷᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ, ᱮᱨᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ, ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱯᱳ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ (ᱥᱠᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ), ᱥᱩᱞᱞᱤᱭᱟ (ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱞᱟᱠᱥ), ᱵᱟᱛᱷᱮᱨᱤ (ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱞᱟᱠᱥ), ᱛᱷᱮᱱᱠᱟᱥᱤ (ᱯᱷᱟᱥᱴ ᱯᱮᱥᱮᱱᱡᱟᱨ), ᱯᱟᱡᱷᱟᱱᱤ (ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱥᱴ, ᱯᱷᱟᱥᱴ ᱯᱮᱥᱮᱱᱡᱟᱨ) ᱥᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱞᱞᱟᱰᱟ, ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱢᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ, ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ-ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ MC ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ (SH1) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱑᱘᱓A ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢᱛᱷᱤᱴᱴᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱨᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱠᱳᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ, ᱱᱤᱛ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱡᱷᱟᱠᱩᱴᱴᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ MC ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱯᱷᱴᱤ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱯᱷᱴᱤ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱭᱯᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱞᱞᱤᱢᱩᱴᱤᱞᱯᱟᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱩᱱᱱᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱩᱵᱷᱟᱴᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱭᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ-ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱞᱩᱨ (SH8) ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱭᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱞᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ KP ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱪᱟᱨᱩᱢᱢᱩᱰ, ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟᱯᱩᱨᱟᱢ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ MC-ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ, ᱴᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱡᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱖᱖ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ MC-ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱑᱘᱓, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱞᱞᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱮᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱝ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱑᱐ ᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱭᱟᱰᱤ-ᱠᱩᱰᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱔᱒ ᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱡᱷᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ-ᱠᱟᱭᱯᱟᱴᱴᱩᱨ-ᱠᱳᱱᱱᱤ-ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ

ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱵᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ-ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱵᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 90 km (56 mi) ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧᱟ ᱾

ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ

ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱭᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱝᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ 25 km (16 mi) ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱮᱝᱜᱟᱱᱱᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ, ᱠᱳᱴᱴᱟᱨᱟᱠᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ (᱒᱑.᱕ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ) ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱞᱟᱱ) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤᱠᱠᱟᱨᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱝᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱳᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱯᱷᱞᱟᱭᱳᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱮᱠ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱭᱟᱢᱠᱩᱞᱟᱢ-ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱞᱩᱨ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱝᱜᱟᱱᱱᱩᱨ-ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱵᱚᱱᱚᱱᱛᱯᱩᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱗]

ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ

ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ, ᱟᱰᱩᱨ
ᱠᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱰᱩᱨ

ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ

ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱤ, ᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ
ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ, ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ
ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱜᱳᱯᱟᱞᱟᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟᱱ, ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ
ᱰᱨ. ᱡᱤᱛᱷᱮᱥᱡᱤ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱴᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ
ᱜᱳᱵᱷᱤᱱᱫᱟᱱᱠᱩᱴᱴᱤ, ᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ-ᱮᱝᱠᱚᱨ
ᱜᱚᱣᱨᱤ ᱡᱤ. ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱱ, ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ
ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱯᱟᱝᱠᱟᱡᱟᱢ, ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ
ᱟᱰᱩᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱱᱱᱤ MLA , ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ, ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱟᱴᱴᱤᱝᱜᱟᱞ MP
ᱤ. ᱵᱷᱤ. ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟ ᱯᱤᱞᱞᱟᱭ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ "Adoor (i), Pathanamthitta District, Kerala, India". Kerala Tourism (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2026-08-04.
↑ "Kudumbashree | About City in NULM - Adoor". www.kudumbashree.org. Retrieved 2026-08-04.
↑ "Number of villages, towns, households, population and area (India, states/UTs, districts and Sub-districts) - 2011".
↑ "കൌണ്‍സില്‍ | Adoor Municipality". www.adoormunicipality.in. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
↑ "Routes & Locations". keralatourism.com. Archived from the original on 16 March 2018. Retrieved 30 Apr 2018.
↑ "Subdivisions Taluks and Villages | Pathanamthitta District, Government of Kerala | India" (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2020-05-22.
↑ Malayalam Manorama Issue-918 date:21-09-2016

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ

http://www.adoormunicipality.in/ Archived ᱑᱙ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ at the Wayback Machine.

[1] "Adoor (i), Pathanamthitta District, Kerala, India". Kerala Tourism (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2026-08-04.

[2] "Kudumbashree | About City in NULM - Adoor". www.kudumbashree.org. Retrieved 2026-08-04.

[3] "Number of villages, towns, households, population and area (India, states/UTs, districts and Sub-districts) - 2011".

[4] "കൌണ്‍സില്‍ | Adoor Municipality". www.adoormunicipality.in. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 2020-04-20.

[5] "Routes & Locations". keralatourism.com. Archived from the original on 16 March 2018. Retrieved 30 Apr 2018.

[6] "Subdivisions Taluks and Villages | Pathanamthitta District, Government of Kerala | India" (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2020-05-22.

[7] Malayalam Manorama Issue-918 date:21-09-2016

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