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ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ
ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ
Tamarix aphylla ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱟᱠᱨᱩᱛᱤᱠ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱤᱵᱷᱤᱢ, ᱤᱡᱽᱨᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ
ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ e
Kingdom:ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴᱟᱭ
Clade:ᱮᱧᱡᱤᱭᱚᱥᱯᱟᱨᱢᱥ
Clade:ᱮᱣᱰᱤᱠᱚᱴᱥ
Order:ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱯᱷᱟᱭᱞᱞᱟᱞᱥ
Family:ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱟᱥᱮᱭᱟᱭ
Genus:ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱥ
L.[᱑]
ᱡᱟᱹᱛ (Species)

ᱚᱞ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ

ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ (ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ, ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ) ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱟᱥᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱕᱐ᱼ᱖᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱣᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱴᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱥᱯᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱠᱳᱱᱮᱱᱥᱤᱥ (ᱮᱥᱯᱮᱱ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱥ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓]

ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱬ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱮ ᱰᱮᱥᱤᱰᱩᱣᱟᱥ (deciduous) ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 1–18 m (3 1⁄2–59 ft) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ, ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱟᱯᱷᱟᱭᱞᱟ, ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 18 m (59 ft) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ,[᱔] ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱕,᱐᱐᱐ ppm ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱠᱟᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱕]

ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱫᱽᱞᱩᱼᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱠᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱬ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱵᱟᱫᱟᱢᱤ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱵᱟᱠᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱫᱽᱞᱩᱼᱵᱟᱫᱟᱢᱤ, ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱼᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱜᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱔]

ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ,[᱖] 1–2 mm (1⁄20–1⁄10 in) ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ, ᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱟᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱔]

ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱯᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱩᱸᱰ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱚᱯᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ,[᱔][᱗] ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱘]

ᱯᱨᱟᱠᱨᱩᱛᱤᱠ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱬ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ
ᱟᱞᱡᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱟᱠᱨᱩᱛᱤᱠ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ
ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱥᱮᱦᱨ, ᱟᱛᱮᱭᱵᱮᱦ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ

ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱤᱴᱮᱴᱤᱵᱽ, ᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱮᱱᱴᱤᱥᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ (᱑ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ; ᱑/᱒᱐" ᱵᱮᱥ) ᱡᱟᱝ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱠᱮᱯᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱵ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱞᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱾[᱙] ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱜᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱾[᱑᱐]

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ, ᱫᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ, ᱰᱷᱤᱯ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱠᱨᱩᱛᱤᱠ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ, ᱞᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱴᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱞᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱚ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱱᱤᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱚᱯᱩᱞᱚᱥ (Populus) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱭᱛᱚ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱞᱚ ᱜᱚᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱚ ᱜᱚᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑]

ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱞᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱯᱤᱰᱚᱯᱴᱮᱨᱟ (Lepidoptera) ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱭᱚᱯᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱟᱥᱛᱷᱮᱱᱤᱞᱟ (Coleophora asthenella) ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱴᱤᱹ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱟ (T. africana) ᱜᱮᱭ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒]

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱟᱢᱚᱥᱤᱥᱤᱢᱟ (Tamarix ramosissima) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱪᱩᱨᱟᱞᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ (invasive plant) ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑] ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱟᱠᱨᱩᱛᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱵᱚᱨᱚᱬ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱟ ᱾[᱑᱓] ᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱨᱟᱰᱳ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱚᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱟᱢᱚᱥᱤᱥᱤᱢᱟ (Tamarix ramosissima) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱚ (willow), ᱠᱚᱴᱚᱱᱩᱰ (cottonwood), ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱠᱥ ᱮᱞᱰᱮᱨ (box elder) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱔][᱑᱕]

ᱢᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱥ (Tamarix) ᱨᱮᱱ ᱪᱟᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ,[᱑᱖][᱑᱗][᱑᱘] ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ, ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭᱛᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱑᱙][᱒᱐] ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, box elder ᱨᱮᱱ ᱪᱟᱨᱟ (Acer negundo, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ) ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱥ (Tamarix) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱡᱮ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠᱥ (Tamarix) ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱸ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚᱼᱵᱤᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱳᱞ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱳᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ, ᱵᱤᱥ ᱪᱷᱤᱴᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ (Diorhabda carinulata) ᱠᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱒᱑]

ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  • ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱤᱹ ᱨᱟᱢᱚᱥᱤᱥᱤᱢᱟ (T. ramosissima)[᱑᱑] ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱹ ᱴᱮᱴᱨᱟᱱᱰᱮᱨᱟ (T. tetrandra),[᱒᱒] ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱦᱚᱭ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ (windbreaks), ᱟᱨ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾[᱒᱓]
  • ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ (erosion) ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱔]
  • ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱥ (steppes) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱭᱛᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱠᱟᱴᱷ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱒᱕]
  • ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱴᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱦᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ (carpentry) ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱖][᱒᱗]
  • ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱛᱤᱡᱩ (scale insects) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱱᱤᱰᱤᱣ (honeydew) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ "ᱢᱟᱱᱱᱟ" (manna) ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱭᱵᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱘]
  • ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ (desertification) ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱒᱙]ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Failed verification[᱓᱐]

ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

᱑᱙ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ, ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱦᱚᱭ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱓᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱞ (Great Depression) ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱥᱟᱞᱴ ᱥᱤᱰᱟᱨ (salt cedars) ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱓᱑][᱓᱒] ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱸ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ:[᱙]

ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ

ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱟᱯᱷᱟᱭᱞᱟ (Athel tree) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭᱼᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬᱠᱟᱨᱤ (invasive) ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱭᱟ ᱾[᱙] ᱟᱴᱷᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾[᱓᱓]

ᱰᱮᱥᱤᱰᱩᱣᱟᱥ (Deciduous) ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ

ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱥᱤᱰᱩᱣᱟᱥ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜᱼᱟ) ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ "ᱥᱟᱞᱴ ᱥᱤᱰᱟᱨ" (saltcedars) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱤᱹ ᱯᱮᱱᱴᱟᱱᱰᱨᱟ (T. pentandra), ᱴᱤᱹ ᱴᱮᱴᱨᱟᱱᱰᱨᱟ (T. tetrandra), ᱴᱤᱹ ᱜᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ (T. gallica), ᱴᱤᱹ ᱠᱤᱱᱮᱱᱥᱤᱥ (T. chinensis), ᱴᱤᱹ ᱨᱟᱢᱚᱥᱤᱥᱤᱢᱟ (T. ramosissima) ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱹ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱯᱷᱞᱚᱨᱟ (T. parviflora) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱙]

ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱞᱳᱥ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ (almyriki)
  • ᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱤᱥᱤ (BC) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮ, ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱞᱢ, ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱮᱡᱩᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤᱭᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓᱔]
  • ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱥᱤᱥ ᱒᱑:᱓᱓ ᱨᱮ, ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ "ᱵᱤᱭᱮᱨᱼᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ" ᱾[᱓᱕] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱓᱖] ᱑ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱒᱒:᱖ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱣᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱫᱟᱣᱩᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱰᱟ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱖]
  • ᱑ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱓᱑:᱑᱓ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱣᱩᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱴᱚᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱓᱖]
  • ᱠᱩᱨᱟᱱ ᱓᱔:᱑᱖ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱵᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ "ᱟᱞᱞᱟ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱲᱦᱟᱫ ᱡᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱫᱟ..." ᱾[᱒᱑]
  • ᱣᱮᱡᱽᱣᱩᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ "ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ" ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱓᱗]
  • ᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱰ ᱑᱐:᱔᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱰᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱥ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱨᱳᱡᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚᱪᱚᱨ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱚᱯᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱮᱛᱷᱮᱱᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
  • ᱡᱮᱨᱟᱞᱰ ᱢᱩᱨᱱᱮᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱶ ᱨᱳ (Tamarisk Row) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱥᱴᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  1. ↑ "Genus: Tamarix L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1998-04-28. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2011-02-18.
  2. ↑ Baum, Bernard R. (1978), "The Genus Tamarix", The Israel Academy of Science and Humanities
  3. ↑ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000), CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, vol. 4 R–Z, Taylor & Francis US, p. 2628, ISBN 978-0-8493-2678-3, archived from the original on 2023-03-02, retrieved 2020-12-03
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Tamarix spp. - Tamarisk, Saltcedar, Salt Cedar - Southeastern Arizona Wildflowers and Plants". 16 March 2010. Archived from the original on 2022-05-23. Retrieved 2022-05-22.
  5. ↑ Dyer, Mary H. (6 May 2016). "Is Tamarix Invasive: Helpful Tamarix Information". www.gardeningknowhow.com. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  6. ↑ Dirr, Michael A. (1997), Dirr's Hardy Trees and Shrubs, an illustrated encyclopedia, p. 392.
  7. ↑ "TAMARISK". Southern Living (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Archived from the original on 16 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  8. ↑ "Plants of the Bible | Tamarix aphylla". [suspicious link removed]. Archived from the original on 30 November 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Invasives Database: Invasive Plants, Tamarix aphylla, Athel tamarisk". Texas Invasive. Archived from the original on 2017-08-04. Retrieved 2017-12-22.
  10. ↑ Huxley, A. (1992). The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. London: MacMillan Press. ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
  11. 1 2 3 Zouhar, Kris. 2003. Tamarix spp. Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱑-᱐᱓-᱒᱐ at the Wayback Machine. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
  12. ↑ "Coleophora asthenella". Plant Parasites of Europe. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2020.
  13. ↑ Di Tomaso, Joseph (1998). "Impact, Biology, and Ecology of Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) in the Southwestern United States". Weed Technology. 12 (2): 326–336. Bibcode:1998WeedT..12..326D. doi:10.1017/S0890037X00043906. S2CID 251573113.
  14. ↑ Wolf, E. (June 6, 2016). "Science driving a new management strategy for Tamarix".
  15. ↑ David Merritt; LeRoy Poff (2010). "Shifting dominance of riparian Populus and Tamarix along gradients of flow alteration in western North American rivers". Ecological Applications. 20 (1): 135–152. Bibcode:2010EcoAp..20..135M. doi:10.1890/08-2251.1. PMID 20349836.
  16. ↑ Sher, Anna A.; Marshall, Diane L.; Gilbert, Steven A. (2000). "Competition between native Populus deltoides and invasive Tamarix ramosissima and the implications of reestablishing flooding disturbance". Conservation Biology. 14 (6): 1744–1754. Bibcode:2000ConBi..14.1744S. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2000.99306.x. PMID 35701936.
  17. ↑ Sher, A.A.; Marshall, D.L.; Taylor, J.P. (June 2002). "Establishment patterns of native Populus and Salix in the presence of invasive, non-native Tamarix". Ecological Applications. 12 (3): 760–772. doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2002)012[0760:eponpa]2.0.co;2.
  18. ↑ Sher, A. A.; Marshall, D. L. (2003). "Competition between native and exotic floodplain tree species across water regimes and soil textures". American Journal of Botany. 90 (3): 413–422. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.3.413. PMID 21659134.
  19. ↑ Busch, David E.; Smith, Stanley D. (1995). "Mechanisms associated with decline of woody species in riparian ecosystems of the southwestern U.S.". Ecological Monographs. 65 (3): 347–370. Bibcode:1995EcoM...65..347B. doi:10.2307/2937064. JSTOR 2937064.
  20. ↑ Taylor, J.; McDaniel, K. (1998). "Restoration of saltcedar (Tamarix spp.)-infested floodplains on the Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge". Weed Technology. 12 (2): 345–352. Bibcode:1998WeedT..12..345T. doi:10.1017/S0890037X0004392X. S2CID 88903153.
  21. 1 2 Adams, Aaron (2021). "Treating Invasive Tamarisk as an Intern at San Andres National Wildlife Refuge" (PDF). The Geographical Bulletin. 62 (2): 101–103. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 March 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
  22. ↑ "Tamarisk Shrub". www.best4hedging.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  23. ↑ "Invasive Species Profile: Tamarisk". Channel Islands Restoration. 3 July 2018. Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  24. ↑ Everitt, Benjamin (1998). "Chronology of the spread of tamarisk in the central Rio Grande". Wetlands. 18 (4): 658–668. Bibcode:1998Wetl...18..658E. doi:10.1007/BF03161680. S2CID 33405892.
  25. ↑ Karpowicz, Adam; Selby, Stephen (2010). "Scythian Bow From Xinjang" (PDF). Journal of the Soc. Of Archer-Antiquaries. 53. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-05-18. Retrieved 2019-03-01. The materials used in the construction of the original bows have not been established, however. The wood could be tentatively identified as that of tamarisk, which is available abundantly in the region and is known to have been the material used to make bows in other periods.
  26. ↑ Tamarix aphylla Archived ᱒᱐᱐᱙-᱐᱒-᱑᱕ at the Wayback Machine., in Ecocrop.
  27. ↑ Abigail Klein Leichman (November 7, 2011). "Growing forests in the desert". israel21c.org. Archived from the original on November 10, 2011. Retrieved November 23, 2011.
  28. ↑ Bodenheimer, F.S. (Feb 1947). [[suspicious link removed] "The Manna of Sinai"]. The Biblical Archaeologist. 10 (1): 2–6. doi:10.2307/3209227. JSTOR 3209227. S2CID 165249625. Archived from the original on 2022-01-18. Retrieved 2022-01-18. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
  29. ↑ Tree by Tree, China Rolls Back Deserts Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱕-᱐᱕-᱑᱗ at the Wayback Machine..
  30. ↑ Taklamakan – Where Oil and Water Don't Mix Archived ᱒᱐᱐᱘-᱑᱐-᱒᱙ at the Wayback Machine. - "A green belt of anti-desertification plant species such as Chinese tamarisk, honey tree and sacsaoul, was planted in 2003 all along the 466 km of the road's desert stretch to hold off the sands."
  31. ↑ Johnson, Kirk (December 26, 2008). "War With Riverbank Invader, Waged by Muscle and Munching". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2023-03-02. Retrieved 2008-12-27.
  32. ↑ "Saltcedar_USDA National Agricultural Library". Archived from the original on 2019-08-21. Retrieved 2019-08-21.
  33. ↑ Sharma, U., Kataria, V., & Shekhawat, N. S. (2017) Aeroponics for adventitious rhizogenesis in evergreen haloxeric tree Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst.: influence of exogenous auxins and cutting type. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 24(1):167–174 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-017-0493-0 Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱓-᱐᱓-᱐᱒ at the Wayback Machine.
  34. ↑ Jiménez, Enrique (2017). The Babylonian disputation poems. Brill. pp. 23–28. ISBN 978-90-04-33625-4.
  35. ↑ KJV ᱨᱮ "grove" ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ NKJV ᱨᱮ "tamarisk" ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱤᱵᱽᱨᱩ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ KJV ᱳᱞᱰ ᱴᱮᱥᱴᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ "grove" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
  36. 1 2 3 Tyndale New Living Translation.ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Full citation needed
  37. ↑ "Wedgwood, Tamarisk". Replacements, Ltd. Archived from the original on 2 June 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
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