ᱢᱚᱦᱮᱱᱡᱚ-ᱫᱟᱨᱚ
ᱢᱚᱦᱮᱱᱡᱚ-ᱫᱟᱨᱚ (ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ: Mohenjo-daro /moʊˌhɛndʒoʊ ˈdɑːroʊ/; ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱤ: موهن جو دڙو, ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ 'ᱜᱚᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱤᱯᱩ'; ᱩᱨᱫᱩ: موئن جو دڑو) ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱲᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭᱛᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ (Archaeological site) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ 2500 BCE ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱥᱚᱥᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱤᱡᱤᱯᱴ, ᱢᱮᱥᱚᱯᱚᱴᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟ, ᱢᱤᱱᱚᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱨᱮᱴᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱨᱴᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱳ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱥᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾[᱑][᱒]
ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱠᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱭᱼᱩᱢᱟᱹᱱ 40,000 ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱢᱚᱦᱮᱱᱡᱚ-ᱫᱟᱨᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱩᱠᱷ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ 1700 BCE ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ,[᱓] ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱩ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱥᱚᱥᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ᱾
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ 1920 ᱜᱮᱦᱤᱛ (ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ) ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟ (excavation) ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 1980 ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱮᱥᱠᱳ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ (ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱦᱚᱨ) ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾[᱔] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱨᱮᱲ (ᱦᱮᱲ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱼᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱛᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾
- ↑ A.H. Dani, Michael Jansen (2008). Mohenjo-Daro: The City and Its Contexts. UNESCO.
- ↑ Possehl, Gregory L. (2002). The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. AltaMira Press. ISBN 978-0759101722.
- ↑ Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark (1998). Ancient Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization. Oxford University Press.
- ↑ "Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro". UNESCO.