ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ

ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ
ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ
मदन कुमार भण्डारी
	ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ
ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ	᱒᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱕᱑; ᱫᱷᱩᱝᱜᱮᱥᱟᱝᱜᱩ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱛᱚᱯᱞᱮᱡᱚᱝ, ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ
ᱜᱩᱨ	᱑᱖ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱓ (ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱔᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ); ᱫᱟᱥᱫᱷᱩᱝᱜᱟ, ᱪᱤᱛᱣᱟᱱ, ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ
ᱛᱚᱯᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ	ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ, ᱯᱚᱥᱩᱯᱚᱛᱤ
ᱱᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ	ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ	ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ (ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥᱤᱥᱴ-ᱞᱮᱱᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴ)
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ	ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ
ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ	᱒
ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱟᱭ	जनताको बहुदलीय जनवाद "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱠᱨᱮᱥᱤ"
ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ	ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ (᱒᱐᱑᱖)

ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ (ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ: मदन कुमार भण्डारी) (᱒᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱕᱑^[᱑] – ᱑᱗ ᱢᱮᱭ ᱑᱙᱙᱓^[᱒]), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ (ᱮᱠᱭᱮᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥᱣᱟᱫᱤ-ᱞᱮᱱᱤᱱᱣᱟᱫᱤ) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾^[᱓] ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱷᱚᱴᱴᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^{[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ]} ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ "ᱯᱤᱯᱩᱞᱥ ᱢᱚᱞᱴᱤᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱠᱨᱮᱥᱤ" (ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ: जनताको बहुदलीय जनवाद) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱔] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱸᱫᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱱᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱥᱫᱷᱩᱝᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱯ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱕]^[᱖]

ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ

ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱯᱞᱮᱡᱩᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱩᱝᱜᱮᱥᱟᱝᱜᱩ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱯᱞᱮᱡᱩᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱵᱩᱝ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱬᱟᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱟ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱥᱨᱮᱥᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱢᱳᱨᱪᱟ (ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱠᱨᱮᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱞᱪᱟᱨᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱨᱚᱱᱴ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱩᱴ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱟ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱳᱨᱪᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱦ ("ᱞᱤᱵᱽᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱚᱱᱴ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ") ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮᱭ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱢᱚᱸᱛᱨᱚᱠᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ (ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥᱣᱟᱫᱤ-ᱞᱮᱱᱤᱱᱣᱟᱫᱤ) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱠ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾

᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱥᱤ.ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱱ (ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱞ) ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥᱤᱥᱴ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ (ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱥᱤᱥᱴ-ᱞᱮᱱᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴ) ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱷᱚᱜ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱤᱵᱷᱚᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ "ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱞᱚᱠᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱨᱤᱢᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱝᱜᱚᱪ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱡ, ᱥᱤᱯᱤᱮᱱ-ᱭᱩᱮᱢᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ; ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱡ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱞᱚᱠᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱤᱠ ᱧᱮᱞᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱗]

᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ

ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱥᱤᱯᱤᱮᱱ (ᱭᱩᱮᱢᱮᱞ) ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱘] ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ "ᱞᱚᱠᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ", "ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ" ᱟᱨ "ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱠᱱᱟᱹ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱘] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ

ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱙] ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱔ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱩᱥᱟ ᱠᱤᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱥᱟ ᱠᱩᱥᱩᱢ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^{[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ]}

ᱜᱩᱨ

᱑᱖ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱛᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱥᱫᱷᱩᱝᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱥᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱐] ᱠᱮ.ᱯᱤ. ᱳᱞᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱚᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱳᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱖] ᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱚᱢᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱢᱟ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱨᱛᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱵᱟ.ᱫᱩᱠ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ;^[᱑᱑] ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱵᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱥᱨᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ

ᱫᱟᱥᱫᱷᱩᱝᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱥᱴ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱒] ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱞᱟᱞᱫᱷᱩᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱓]^[᱑᱔] ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱳᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱨᱞᱟᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱫᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱓ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱨᱞᱟᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^{[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ]}

ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ

᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱟᱛᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱰᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱯᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱕]

ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ

ᱫᱟᱥᱫᱷᱩᱝᱜᱟ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ K.C., Surendra. Aitihasik dastavej sangroh - bhag 2. Kathmandu: Pairavi Prakashan, 2063 B.S.. p 464.
↑ Publications, Europa (2003-09-02). A Political Chronology of Central, South and East Asia (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-35680-4.
↑ SATP (2018-05-22). "Nepal: Decisive Turn – Analysis". Eurasia Review (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2019-01-05.
↑ Dhakal, Tika P. (2023). “Madan Bhandari and His Theory of People’s Multiparty Democracy”. State, Society and Development: PMPD Perspectives, 1(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.3126/ssd.v1i1.58470
↑ "Inability to bring out truth behind Madan Bhandari's death painful, says president". The Himalayan Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2018-03-31. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
1 2 Anonymous (May 24, 2009). "UML Leader Accuses Maoists of Having Assassinated Madan Bhandari". Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
↑ Chancen für Nepals angeschlagene Demokratie?
1 2 FINEMAN, MARK (1991-05-15). "Communists Celebrate Nepal Victories : Elections: Katmandu goes Marxist but moderates lead in countryside voting". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2015-10-28.
↑ Office of the President of Nepal.“Biography of the Right Honorable President Mrs. Bidya Devi Bhandari. https://president.gov.np/biography-of-rt-honble-president-bidhya-devi-bhandari/
↑ "A Death Heavier than the Himalayas". www.marxists.org. Retrieved 2015-10-28.
↑ Reporters Without Borders Annual Report 2004: Nepal https://www.refworld.org/reference/annualreport/rsf/2004/en/48745
↑ "Some heart-broken Nepalese turn their backs on gods". in.news.yahoo.com (in Indian English). Retrieved 2019-01-05.
↑ "Budget more focused on physical infrastructure". The Himalayan Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2018-05-30. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
↑ "Highway named after late communist leader". The Himalayan Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2018-05-22. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
↑ "81,790 to be conferred awards and decorations". The Himalayan Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2016-05-29. Retrieved 2019-01-05.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

[surendra-1] K.C., Surendra. Aitihasik dastavej sangroh - bhag 2. Kathmandu: Pairavi Prakashan, 2063 B.S.. p 464.

[2] Publications, Europa (2003-09-02). A Political Chronology of Central, South and East Asia (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-35680-4.

[3] SATP (2018-05-22). "Nepal: Decisive Turn – Analysis". Eurasia Review (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2019-01-05.

[4] Dhakal, Tika P. (2023). “Madan Bhandari and His Theory of People’s Multiparty Democracy”. State, Society and Development: PMPD Perspectives, 1(1), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.3126/ssd.v1i1.58470

[5] "Inability to bring out truth behind Madan Bhandari's death painful, says president". The Himalayan Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2018-03-31. Retrieved 2019-01-05.

[Maoists-6] 1 2 Anonymous (May 24, 2009). "UML Leader Accuses Maoists of Having Assassinated Madan Bhandari". Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2018.

[7] Chancen für Nepals angeschlagene Demokratie?

[:0-8] 1 2 FINEMAN, MARK (1991-05-15). "Communists Celebrate Nepal Victories : Elections: Katmandu goes Marxist but moderates lead in countryside voting". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2015-10-28.

[9] Office of the President of Nepal.“Biography of the Right Honorable President Mrs. Bidya Devi Bhandari. https://president.gov.np/biography-of-rt-honble-president-bidhya-devi-bhandari/

[:2-10] "A Death Heavier than the Himalayas". www.marxists.org. Retrieved 2015-10-28.

[11] Reporters Without Borders Annual Report 2004: Nepal https://www.refworld.org/reference/annualreport/rsf/2004/en/48745

[12] "Some heart-broken Nepalese turn their backs on gods". in.news.yahoo.com (in Indian English). Retrieved 2019-01-05.

[13] "Budget more focused on physical infrastructure". The Himalayan Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2018-05-30. Retrieved 2019-01-05.

[14] "Highway named after late communist leader". The Himalayan Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2018-05-22. Retrieved 2019-01-05.

[15] "81,790 to be conferred awards and decorations". The Himalayan Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 2016-05-29. Retrieved 2019-01-05.

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