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ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱜᱮᱴ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱠᱚᱞᱯᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ-ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤᱣᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱮᱱᱤᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑] ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ, ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱜᱽᱞᱳᱵᱤᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ-ᱤᱫᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱦᱤᱢᱳᱜᱽᱞᱳᱵᱤᱱ-ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ (HBOC) ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱞᱩᱨᱳᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱ-ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱾[᱓] ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤᱣᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱮᱱᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱨᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑]

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱵᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ, ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱡᱤᱱ, ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ-ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱑] ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ-ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ, ᱜᱚᱡ ᱜᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱢᱳᱞᱟᱭᱴᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱭᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ) ᱾[᱔] ᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ[᱕] ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱤᱥᱩ ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱡᱮᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ,[᱖] ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱰᱥᱴᱮᱭᱱᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔] ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ-ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱠᱚᱞᱯᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱘᱗᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱗][᱘] ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱪᱹᱟᱭᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱰ ᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱙][᱑᱐] ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱮᱢᱚᱱᱠᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱾[᱑][᱘] ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾[᱑][᱑᱑] ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, DARPA ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱛᱷᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱓᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Chen, Lin; Yang, Zeyong; Liu, Henry (2023-02-17). "Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers: Where Are We Now in 2023?". Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). 59 (2): 396. doi:10.3390/medicina59020396. ISSN 1648-9144. PMC 9962799. PMID 36837597. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmc= value (help); Check |pmid= value (help)
  2. ↑ Broaddus, V. Courtney; Mason, Robert J.; Ernst, Joel D.; King, Jr., Talmadge E.; Lazarus, Stephen C.; Murray, John F.; Nadel, Jay A.; Slutsky, Arthur S., eds. (2016), "4 - Ventilation, Blood Flow, and Gas Exchange", Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine (6th ed.), Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, pp. 58–59, ISBN 978-1-4557-3383-5, retrieved 2025-09-09
  3. ↑ Henkel-Honke, T.; Oleck, M. (2007). "Artificial oxygen carriers: A current review" (PDF). AANA Journal. 75 (3): 205–11. PMID 17591302. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-09.
  4. 1 2 Boulton, FE (December 2013). "Blood transfusion; additional historical aspects. Part 1. The birth of transfusion immunology". Transfusion Medicine (Oxford, England). 23 (6): 375–81. doi:10.1111/tme.12075. PMID 24003949. S2CID 9038280.
  5. ↑ Sarkar, S. (2008). "Artificial Blood". Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine. 12 (3): 140–44. doi:10.4103/0972-5229.43685. PMC 2738310. PMID 19742251.
  6. ↑ Lahiri, S (April 2000). "Historical perspectives of cellular oxygen sensing and responses to hypoxia". Journal of Applied Physiology. 88 (4): 1467–73. doi:10.1152/jappl.2000.88.4.1467. PMID 10749843. S2CID 18810282.
  7. ↑ Oberman, H. A. (1969). "Early History of Blood Substitutes: Transfusion of Milk". Transfusion (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 9 (2): 74–77. doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.1969.tb04920.x. hdl:2027.42/74609. ISSN 1537-2995. PMID 4886198.
  8. 1 2 Zaleski, Andrew (July 5, 2024). "There will be blood". Science (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 385 (6704): 16–20. Bibcode:2024Sci...385...16Z. doi:10.1126/science.adr4067. PMID 38963853. Retrieved 2025-09-09. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmid= value (help)
  9. ↑ Squires JE (2002). "Artificial blood". Science. 295 (5557): 1002–05. Bibcode:2002Sci...295.1002S. doi:10.1126/science.1068443. PMID 11834811. S2CID 35381400.
  10. ↑ Goodnough LT, Brecher ME, Kanter MH, AuBuchon JP (1999). "Transfusion medicine. First of two parts – blood transfusion". N. Engl. J. Med. 340 (6): 438–47. doi:10.1056/NEJM199902113400606. PMID 9971869.
  11. ↑ Alayash, AI (4 January 2017). "Hemoglobin-Based Blood Substitutes and the Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease: More Harm than Help?". Biomolecules. 7 (1): 2. doi:10.3390/biom7010002. PMC 5372714. PMID 28054978.
  12. ↑ Webster, Hanna (4 February 2023). "DARPA puts $46.4M toward synthetic blood development". EMS1 (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2023-02-17.

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