ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ

ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (English) ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱝᱞᱤ-ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱤᱝᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱾ ^[᱑] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ 'ᱟᱝᱞᱚᱥᱯᱷᱱᱭᱚᱨ' ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱝᱰᱚᱢ, ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ, ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ, ᱟᱭᱟᱨᱞᱟᱸᱰ, ᱱᱤᱣᱡᱤᱞᱟᱸᱰ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱓᱗᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱒] ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱢᱩᱬ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ-en:History of English

ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱞᱰ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ "ᱮᱝᱞᱳ-ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱣᱟᱭᱤᱝᱠᱤᱝ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱳᱞᱰ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱰ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱞ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱞᱰ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱞᱰ ᱱᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱰ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ, ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱓᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾

᱑᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱳᱵᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴᱤᱝ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱱᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱝ ᱡᱮᱢᱥ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴᱤᱝ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱰᱟᱨᱱ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮ, ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱩᱣᱟ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱝᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ, ᱱᱟᱵᱤᱜᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱰᱮᱯᱮᱱᱰᱮᱱᱴ-ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱯᱟᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱨᱯᱷᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ᱟᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱠᱥᱤᱞᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱴᱤᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ, ᱯᱤᱨᱚᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱾

ᱨᱟᱹᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱰ ᱤ ᱢᱩᱥᱠᱤᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱠᱨᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱥᱠᱤᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ :- "ough" ᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵᱮᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ "through" (threw), "rough" (ruff), "dough" (doe) or "cough" (coff) ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱜᱮ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱮᱢ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱝᱞᱩᱥ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

↑ Mydans, Seth (14 May 2007) "Across cultures, English is the word" New York Times. Retrieved 21 September 2011
↑ Curtis, Andy. Color, race, and English language teaching: shades of meaning. 2006, page 192.

[1] Mydans, Seth (14 May 2007) "Across cultures, English is the word" New York Times. Retrieved 21 September 2011

[2] Curtis, Andy. Color, race, and English language teaching: shades of meaning. 2006, page 192.

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