ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ
| ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ | |
|---|---|
 ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱣᱮᱛᱟ ᱵᱷᱚᱭᱨᱚᱵᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱟᱹᱨ | |
| ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ | ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱭᱮᱱᱭᱟ |
| ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱠᱩ | ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱫᱽᱫᱷᱚ ᱠᱚ |
| ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ | ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ |
| ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱴᱣᱚ | ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫ |
| ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱩ | ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱬᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱚ
᱖ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (ᱠᱣᱟᱱᱮᱭᱟ) ᱗ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱮᱭᱟ) ᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱕ (ᱱᱟᱱᱤᱪᱷᱟᱭᱟ) |
| Observances | ᱫᱟᱬᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱚ, ᱛᱟᱵᱽᱞᱟᱹᱣ (tableau) |
| ᱮᱦᱚᱵ | ᱧᱟᱞᱟᱛᱷᱣᱟ ᱫᱽᱣᱟᱫᱚᱥᱤ |
| ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ | ᱧᱟᱸᱞᱟᱜᱟᱦ ᱪᱚᱛᱩᱨᱛᱷᱤ |
| ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ | ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱜᱩᱬᱟᱠᱟᱢᱫᱮᱵᱽ |
ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱮᱱᱭᱟ ᱯᱩᱱᱦᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ "ᱭᱮ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ "ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ, "ᱭᱟ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ "ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ" ᱟᱨ "ᱯᱩᱱᱦᱤ" ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱮᱞᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱾[᱑] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱼᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱡᱩᱜᱽᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱚ, ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱹᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱩᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱷᱚᱨᱚᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱢᱟᱦᱮᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱧᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱔ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒][᱓]
ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱢᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱜᱩᱬᱟᱠᱟᱢᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾[᱔] ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ (ᱥᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱮᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ, ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱭᱳᱥᱤᱸ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱳᱥᱤᱸ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱛᱷᱟᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱟᱬᱜᱚᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱶᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- ↑ Bhandari, S.; Paudayal, K. N. (2007-12-31). "Palynostratigraphy and palaeoclimatic interpretation of the Plio- Pleistocene Lukundol Formation from the Kathmandu valley, Nepal". Journal of Nepal Geological Society. 35: 1–10. doi:10.3126/jngs.v35i0.23629. ISSN 0259-1316.
- ↑ Toffin, Gérard (January 1992). "The Indra Jātrā of Kathmandu as a Royal Festival Past and Present". Contributions to Nepalese Studies. Center for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribbuvan University. Retrieved 24 July 2012. Page 73.
- ↑ Lewis, Todd Thornton (1984). The Tuladhars of Kathmandu: A Study of Buddhist Tradition in a Newar Merchant Community. Columbia University. p. 377. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
- ↑ "Indra Jatra, Munindra Ratna Bajracharya". Gorkhapatra. Archived from the original on 2012-03-25. Retrieved 2011-09-17.