ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱩᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ

ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱩᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱱᱫᱚᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱥᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱭᱞᱟᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱫᱟᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ

ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱩᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱜᱟᱞᱤ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱯᱟᱛ, ᱟᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ, ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱱᱫᱚᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ, ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱩᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱞᱟᱵᱟᱞᱟ, ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ᱾^[᱑]

ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ

ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱠᱞᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱᱥᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱨᱞᱥ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱮᱰᱢᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾^[᱒] ᱑᱙᱑᱗ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱚᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱞᱳ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱹᱡᱤ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱒᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱣᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾

᱑᱙᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ, ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱦᱟᱭᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱞᱤᱜᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥᱚᱱᱚᱨ ᱮᱠᱴ ᱑᱘᱗᱙ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱭᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱦᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ, ᱟᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱭᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱵᱽᱡᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱳᱠᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱵᱽᱡᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱰᱤᱥᱠᱣᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ (ᱨᱤᱢᱩᱵᱷᱟᱞ) ᱮᱠᱴ ᱑᱙᱑᱙ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱦᱟᱭᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱ ᱨᱤ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱩ ᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮ ᱨᱩᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱦᱟᱭᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱡᱽᱱᱤᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱜᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥᱚᱱᱚᱨ ᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ 'ᱦᱚᱲ' ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ "ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ" ᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾^[᱓]^[᱔]

ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ, ᱥᱟᱭᱞᱟᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱫᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱥᱩᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱥ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱜᱳᱣᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥ ᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱓ ᱨᱮ, ᱞᱤᱜᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱠᱴᱤᱥᱚᱱᱚᱨ (ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ) ᱮᱠᱴ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱢᱳᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱩᱢᱮᱱ ᱮᱴ ᱞᱳ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾^[᱕]

ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ

ᱤᱱ ᱨᱤ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱩ ᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟ,, ᱖᱔ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱮᱥᱮᱥ ᱖᱓᱖ (᱑᱙᱒᱑)

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ Chand, Somarani (Feb–Mar 2016). "Madhusudan Das and Women Uplift" (PDF). Odisha Review: 42–47. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-04-15. Retrieved 2025-03-23.
↑ "The Indian Women Who Fought Their Way Into the Legal Profession". The Wire. Retrieved 2020-12-04.
↑ Mishra, Saurabh Kumar (2015-12-15). "Women in Indian Courts of Law: A Study of Women Legal Professionals in the District Court of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India". E-cadernos CES (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ) (24). doi:10.4000/eces.1976. ISSN 1647-0737.
↑ Mossman, MaryJane (2020-06-06). "Cornelia Sorabji (1866–1954): a pioneer woman lawyer in Britain and India". Women's History Review. 29 (4): 737–747. doi:10.1080/09612025.2019.1702791. ISSN 0961-2025. S2CID 213366627.
↑ जैन, Arvind Jain अरविंद (2019-06-12). "No place for women in temples of justice". Forward Press (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2020-12-04.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

[1] Chand, Somarani (Feb–Mar 2016). "Madhusudan Das and Women Uplift" (PDF). Odisha Review: 42–47. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2023-04-15. Retrieved 2025-03-23.

[:0-2] "The Indian Women Who Fought Their Way Into the Legal Profession". The Wire. Retrieved 2020-12-04.

[3] Mishra, Saurabh Kumar (2015-12-15). "Women in Indian Courts of Law: A Study of Women Legal Professionals in the District Court of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India". E-cadernos CES (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ) (24). doi:10.4000/eces.1976. ISSN 1647-0737.

[4] Mossman, MaryJane (2020-06-06). "Cornelia Sorabji (1866–1954): a pioneer woman lawyer in Britain and India". Women's History Review. 29 (4): 737–747. doi:10.1080/09612025.2019.1702791. ISSN 0961-2025. S2CID 213366627.

[5] जैन, Arvind Jain अरविंद (2019-06-12). "No place for women in temples of justice". Forward Press (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2020-12-04.

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