ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ

ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ
ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ	᱑᱗᱒᱘
ᱜᱩᱨ	᱑᱘᱑᱒; ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ
ᱧᱩᱢᱱᱟᱢ	ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ
ᱥᱟᱧᱩᱢ	ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ	ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱚᱡᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ

ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ (᱑᱗᱒᱘ – ᱑᱘᱑᱒) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾^[᱑]^[᱒] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾^[᱓]^[᱔]^[᱕]^:40&13

ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ

ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱚᱡᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱵᱤᱱᱚᱭ ᱜᱷᱳᱥ ᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ-ᱟ) ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱤᱱᱫᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾^[᱖]

ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱚᱞ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱪᱩᱠᱛᱤ

ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱞᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱚᱡᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗᱕᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱱᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ, ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱚᱵᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ, ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱜᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱜᱳᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱤᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱚᱞ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱛᱨᱤᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱥᱨᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱳᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱵᱽᱡᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱗᱕᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱨᱤᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱛᱨᱤᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ, ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱱᱟᱭᱮᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱭᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱛᱨᱤᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱑᱗᱖᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱐᱐ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱚᱞ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱱᱟᱭᱮᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱔᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭᱥᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱛᱨᱤᱞᱳᱪᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱑᱗᱖᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱚᱵᱟᱱᱤ ᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱛᱟ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱭᱮᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱛᱟ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱑᱘᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ 'ᱨᱮᱵᱟᱱᱳᱢᱟ' (ᱫᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ) ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱹᱵᱩᱞᱤᱭᱚᱛ ᱥᱩᱦᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ₹᱙᱐,᱒᱑᱔-᱖-᱑᱑ ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱵᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾^[᱗] ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱠ ᱵᱮᱭᱞᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ 'ᱰᱮᱥᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱞᱢᱮᱱᱴ' (Decennial Settlement) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱑᱗᱘᱗ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱐᱐ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱥᱴᱮᱴ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾^[᱗] ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱨᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭᱥᱟᱞᱟ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱡᱚᱞ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾^[᱗]

ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ

ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗᱖᱖ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱓᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱞᱵᱷᱩᱢ, ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾^[᱘]^[᱙] ᱑᱗᱙᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨᱯᱩᱨ, ᱥᱟᱞᱵᱚᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾^[᱑᱐] ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾^[᱑᱑] ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱗᱙᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱩᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱗᱙᱙ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾^[᱑᱒] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱰᱤᱴᱮᱱᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱢᱯ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱭ.ᱟᱭ.ᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱲᱚᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ 'ᱥᱚᱦᱤᱫᱽ ᱵᱷᱚᱵᱚᱱ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱜᱩᱨ

ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱣᱟᱥᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱑᱗᱙᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱭᱫᱤ (India's first lady prisoner) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱭᱟ᱾

ᱢᱟᱹᱱ

ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ-ᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱥᱴ ᱯᱮᱥᱮᱧᱡᱚᱨ (Shiromani Fast Passenger) ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ Das, Binod Sankar (1984). Changing Profile of the Frontier Bengal, 1751–1833 (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mittal Publications.
↑ Eastern India: Essays in History, Society, Culture (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mayur Publications. 2004.
↑ Murshid, Ghulam (2018-01-25). Bengali Culture Over a Thousand Years (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Niyogi Books. ISBN 978-93-86906-12-0.
↑ Panda, Barid Baran (2005). Socio-economic Condition of South West Bengal in the Nineteenth Century (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Punthi Pustak. ISBN 978-81-86791-52-3.
↑ Panda, Chitta (1996). The Decline of the Bengal Zamindars: Midnapore, 1870-1920 (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-563295-8.
↑ Indian Studies (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Ramakrishna Maitra. 1962.
1 2 3 Chatterjee, Gouripada (1986). Midnapore, the Forerunner of India's Freedom Struggle (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mittal Publications. pp. 117, 118, 119.
↑ Bhattacharyya, Ananda; Price, J. C (2017). Adivasi resistance in early colonial India: comprising the Chuar Rebellion of 1799 by J.C. Price and relevant Midnapore District Collectorate records from the eighteenth century (in English). Manohar. ISBN 978-93-5098-167-2. OCLC 982448451.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ Sengupta, Nirmal (1979). Destitutes and Development: A Study of the Bauri Community in the Bokaro Region (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Concept Publishing Company.
↑ Chatterjee, Gouripada (1986). Midnapore, the Forerunner of India's Freedom Struggle (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mittal Publications.
↑ Gupta, Atulchandra (1977). Studies in the Bengal Renaissance (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). National Council of Education, Bengal.
↑ Calcutta Review (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). University of Calcutta. 1956. p. 88.

[1] Das, Binod Sankar (1984). Changing Profile of the Frontier Bengal, 1751–1833 (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mittal Publications.

[2] Eastern India: Essays in History, Society, Culture (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mayur Publications. 2004.

[3] Murshid, Ghulam (2018-01-25). Bengali Culture Over a Thousand Years (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Niyogi Books. ISBN 978-93-86906-12-0.

[4] Panda, Barid Baran (2005). Socio-economic Condition of South West Bengal in the Nineteenth Century (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Punthi Pustak. ISBN 978-81-86791-52-3.

[5] Panda, Chitta (1996). The Decline of the Bengal Zamindars: Midnapore, 1870-1920 (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-563295-8.

[6] Indian Studies (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Ramakrishna Maitra. 1962.

[:0-7] 1 2 3 Chatterjee, Gouripada (1986). Midnapore, the Forerunner of India's Freedom Struggle (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mittal Publications. pp. 117, 118, 119.

[8] Bhattacharyya, Ananda; Price, J. C (2017). Adivasi resistance in early colonial India: comprising the Chuar Rebellion of 1799 by J.C. Price and relevant Midnapore District Collectorate records from the eighteenth century (in English). Manohar. ISBN 978-93-5098-167-2. OCLC 982448451.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[9] Sengupta, Nirmal (1979). Destitutes and Development: A Study of the Bauri Community in the Bokaro Region (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Concept Publishing Company.

[10] Chatterjee, Gouripada (1986). Midnapore, the Forerunner of India's Freedom Struggle (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Mittal Publications.

[11] Gupta, Atulchandra (1977). Studies in the Bengal Renaissance (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). National Council of Education, Bengal.

[12] Calcutta Review (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). University of Calcutta. 1956. p. 88.

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