ᱨᱮᱰ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ

ᱨᱮᱰ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ

ᱨᱮᱰ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱢᱮᱜᱽᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱣᱮᱵᱷᱞᱮᱸᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱚᱯᱞᱟᱨ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱷᱚᱜ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ (ᱡᱮᱞᱠᱟ ᱤᱯᱤᱞ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱞᱮᱠᱥᱤ) ᱟᱵᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱴᱨᱮᱪᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱞᱮᱸᱴ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱢ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱣᱮᱵᱷ ᱞᱮᱸᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝ ᱣᱮᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱸᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ "ᱨᱮᱰ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴᱰ" ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱞ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾

ᱨᱮᱰ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱵᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱴᱩᱠᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ᱾ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱠᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱰ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱮᱞᱮᱠᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱝᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱰᱥᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ᱾

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

• Odenwald, S. & Fienberg, RT. 1993; "Galaxy Redshifts Reconsidered" in Sky & Telescope Feb. 2003; pp31–35 (This article is useful further reading in distinguishing between the 3 types of redshift and their causes.)
• Lineweaver, Charles H. and Tamara M. Davis, "Misconceptions about the Big Bang", Scientific American, March 2005. (This article is useful for explaining the cosmological redshift mechanism as well as clearing up misconceptions regarding the physics of the expansion of space.)
• Nussbaumer, Harry; Lydia Bieri (2009). Discovering the Expanding Universe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-51484-2.
• Binney, James; Michael Merrifeld (1998). Galactic Astronomy. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-02565-0.
• Carroll, Bradley W. & Dale A. Ostlie (1996). An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-201-54730-6.
• Feynman, Richard; Leighton, Robert; Sands, Matthew (1989). Feynman Lectures on Physics. Vol. 1. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0-201-51003-4.
• Grøn, Øyvind; Hervik, Sigbjørn (2007). Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. New York: Springer. ISBN 978-0-387-69199-2.
• Harrison, Edward (2000). Cosmology: The Science of the Universe (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-66148-5.
• Kutner, Marc (2003). Astronomy: A Physical Perspective. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-52927-3.
• Misner, Charles; Thorne, Kip S.; Wheeler, John Archibald (1973). Gravitation. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. ISBN 978-0-7167-0344-0.
• Peebles, P. J. E. (1993). Principles of Physical Cosmology. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-01933-8.
• Taylor, Edwin F.; Wheeler, John Archibald (1992). Spacetime Physics: Introduction to Special Relativity (2nd ed.). W.H. Freeman. ISBN 978-0-7167-2327-1.
• Weinberg, Steven (1971). Gravitation and Cosmology. John Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-92567-5.
• See also physical cosmology textbooks for applications of the cosmological and gravitational redshifts.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ

• Ned Wright's Cosmology tutorial
• Cosmic reference guide entry on redshift
• Mike Luciuk's Astronomical Redshift tutorial
• Animated GIF of Cosmological Redshift by Wayne Hu
• Merrifield, Michael; Hill, Richard (2009). "Z Redshift". SIXTψ SYMBΦLS. Brady Haran for the University of Nottingham.