ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ
 ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ, ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ | |
| ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ | ᱵᱞᱟᱴᱡᱟᱝ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ, ᱯᱟᱪᱟᱰᱤ, ᱥᱟᱴᱱᱤ, ᱛᱷᱟᱢᱵᱩᱞᱤ |
|---|---|
| ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ | ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ |
| ᱢᱩᱬ ᱤᱱᱜᱨᱤᱰᱮᱸᱴ | ᱩᱛᱩ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱚ, ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ, ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ |
| |
ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱩᱞ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱝᱜᱽᱞᱳ-ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱮ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱩᱞ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ चटनी caṭnī, ᱩᱨᱫᱩ چٹنی chaṭnī ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ,[᱑][᱒] ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ चाटना chāṭnā 'ᱪᱟᱴᱚᱜ, ᱪᱟᱠᱷᱟ' ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓] ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱟᱰᱤ (Telugu: పచ్చడి, Tamil: பச்சடி, Malayalam: പച്ചടി, Marathi: पचडी) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱥ ᱥᱮ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱰᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱳᱴᱟ-ᱢᱩᱴᱤ ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱪᱟᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱫ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ/ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔]
ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ,[᱕] ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱾[᱒][᱖] ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱩᱛᱩ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱩᱛᱩ, ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱨᱩᱴᱤ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱜ (ᱨᱟᱭᱛᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱤ), ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾[᱗]
ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ: ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ; ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱘] ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱜ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ, ᱞᱮᱢᱵᱩ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ, ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ, ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱳᱞᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ ᱨᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾[᱙] ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ, ᱠᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱐]
ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱫᱤᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ-ᱵᱩᱴᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱨᱠᱚᱲ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ; ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ-ᱵᱩᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱠᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ,[᱒] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ;[᱑᱑] ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱩᱞ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ-ᱵᱩᱴᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱡᱚ ᱪᱮᱨᱤ, ᱠᱚᱦᱰᱟ, ᱢᱩᱞᱟᱹ, ᱥᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱨᱳᱴ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒]
ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱲᱮᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ-ᱡᱷᱟᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱣᱜᱮ ᱞᱮᱢᱵᱩ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ, ᱡᱚᱡᱚ, ᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱝ, ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮ, ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱛᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱫᱤᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ-ᱵᱩᱴᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒]
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱱᱛ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ-ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱡᱟᱝ, ᱡᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱮ ᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱖][᱑᱓]
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱕᱑᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱨᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱳᱥᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱨᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱳᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾[᱑᱔] ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚᱫᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱵᱤᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱯ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱑᱕]
ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱞᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱚ, ᱜᱳᱞᱟᱯ ᱯᱟᱹᱠᱷᱲᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱑᱖] ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱚᱢᱨᱟᱴ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱ (ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱑᱖᱒᱘-᱑᱖᱕᱘) ᱨᱟᱱ-ᱢᱩᱨᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ-ᱵᱩᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱑᱓]
ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱨᱠᱚᱲ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱾[᱑᱗] ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱯᱨᱟᱦ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱴᱮᱜᱽ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱡ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ, ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ; ᱢᱩᱡ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱡᱚᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾[᱑᱘][᱑᱙][᱒᱐] ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱑]
ᱮᱝᱜᱽᱞᱳ-ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱥᱠᱩᱴ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱩᱞᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱒]
ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱝᱜᱽᱞᱳ-ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱮᱲᱮᱢ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱩᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ, ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱤᱥᱤᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱤᱥᱤᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱨᱠᱚᱲ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ, ᱡᱚᱡᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱘] ᱢᱮᱡᱚᱨ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱮᱲᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ-ᱡᱷᱟᱞ ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱟᱭᱴᱤ, ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱟᱨᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱮᱝᱜᱽᱞᱳ-ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱞ, ᱠᱤᱥᱢᱤᱥ, ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ, ᱞᱮᱢᱵᱩ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ, ᱯᱮᱸᱭᱟᱡᱽ, ᱡᱚᱡᱚ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ, ᱦᱮᱲᱮᱢᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ, ᱭᱩ.ᱠᱮ. ᱟᱨ ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱥ. ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱡᱚᱨ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱩᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ, ᱠᱨᱳᱥ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱵᱞᱮᱠᱣᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱑᱘᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱾[᱒᱓][᱒᱔]
᱑᱘᱙᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱰᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱯᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱥᱣᱟᱢᱤ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱠᱳ. ᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ, ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱮᱥᱴ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱒᱕][᱒᱖] ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱢᱵᱩ, ᱩᱞ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱡᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱪᱩᱞᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱡᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱮᱣ, ᱢᱮᱨᱳ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱸᱭᱟᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ,[᱒᱒][᱒᱗] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱒᱒] ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰ ᱯᱟᱣᱰᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱥᱨᱮᱰᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱞ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾[᱒᱒] ᱮᱝᱜᱽᱞᱳ-ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱜᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱪᱤᱡᱽ ᱥᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱡᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾[᱒᱗] ᱯᱟᱪᱮ-ᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ, ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ, ᱡᱚᱡᱚ, ᱯᱮᱸᱭᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱫᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱘] ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱛᱷᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱩᱞ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ £᱗.᱗ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱒᱙]
ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱛᱮ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ].jpg)
᱑৮ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱳᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯ ᱛᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱑] ᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ; ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱟᱨᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱓᱒] ᱛᱨᱤᱱᱤᱫᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱳᱵᱟᱜᱳ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱩᱞ, ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱠᱚᱲ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱚᱡᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓᱓] ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱩᱞ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓᱔]
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱯ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱞᱟᱴᱡᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱠᱳᱴ, ᱩᱞ, ᱥᱮ ᱯᱤᱪ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱜᱟᱨ, ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱤ, ᱯᱮᱸᱭᱟᱡᱽ, ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱩᱬ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱤᱥᱤᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓᱕][᱓᱖] ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ, "ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱣᱯᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱞ, ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱱᱰᱤᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱳ. ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ" ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱟᱨᱴᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱐]
᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ (ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ) ᱴᱮᱥᱴ ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱥ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱰᱤᱯᱥ ᱤᱱ ᱫᱟ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ, ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱞ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱑] ᱒᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱒᱔ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱰᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓᱑]
ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱳ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ[᱓᱗] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ" ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱟᱡᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱟ ᱾[᱓᱘] ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ-ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱢᱮᱰᱤ ᱰᱨᱟᱢᱟ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱟᱨ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ "ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱧᱮᱞᱟᱜ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱫᱳᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱾[᱓᱙]
ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱛᱨᱤᱱᱤᱫᱟᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱰᱟᱭᱟᱥᱯᱳᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, "ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ" ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ-ᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱯᱷᱨᱮᱱ-ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱳ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱭᱟᱥᱯᱳᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔᱐]
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- ↑ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Cite Merriam-Webster
- 1 2 3 4 Davidson 2014, p. 190.
- ↑ "chutney". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2016., see also entry for chaat.
- ↑ "Onam special: Here's what a traditional Onam sadhya consists of". The Indian Express. 2016-09-13. Retrieved 2016-09-13.
- ↑ Raghavan 2006, p. 255.
- 1 2 Pillai, Pooja (8 September 2019). "Finger-lickin' good: The story of chutney in India". The Indian Express.
- ↑ Jaffrey 1982, p. 32.
- 1 2 Brown 1998, pp. 347–361.
- ↑ Jaffrey 1982, p. 166.
- ↑ Jaffrey 1982, p. 169.
- ↑ "4 Indian chutneys that you can whip up within minutes". The Times of India. 7 August 2022. Retrieved 15 November 2025.
- ↑ Hossain, Mahmud; Kabir, Yearul (2016). "Ethnic Fermented Foods and Beverages of Bangladesh". Ethnic Fermented Foods and Alcoholic Beverages of Asia. New Delhi: Springer India. p. 73–89. doi:10.1007/978-81-322-2800-4_3. ISBN 978-81-322-2798-4.
- 1 2 Barua, Ananya (15 June 2021). "How Did India Get Its Yummy Chutneys? Here's The Story & a Map That'll Leave You Hungry". The Better India. Retrieved 28 December 2025.
- ↑ Achaya, K. T. (1998). A Historical Dictionary of Indian Food. Delhi: Oxford University Press. p. 210. ISBN 0-19-564254-6.
- ↑ Achaya, K. T. (1998) [1994]. Indian Food: A Historical Companion. Delhi: Oxford University Press. p. 129. ISBN 0-19-564416-6.
- ↑ "How did Chutneys came to the world? History and 5 most popular chutneys". The Times of India. 13 March 2023.
- ↑ Wahhab, I.; Singh, V. (2016). The Cinnamon Club Cookbook. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 160. ISBN 978-1-4729-3307-2. Retrieved October 26, 2017.
- ↑ Das, Chayanika (January 9, 2024). "Odisha's red ant chutney gets GI tag, all you need to know about this superfood". Hindustan Times.
- ↑ Chawla, Medha (January 12, 2024). "How the world eats ants". India Today.
- ↑ Chanda, A. (2020). "On the use of red ant Oecophylla smaragdina by the indigenous people of Binpur, Jhargram, West Bengal". International Research Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 5: 67–71.
- ↑ Marak, Queenbala (2014). Food Politics. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 79, 113. ISBN 978-1-4438-5924-0.
- 1 2 3 4 Collingham 2006, pp. 147–148.
- ↑ Helstosky 2014, p. 330.
- ↑ Sheraton, Mimi (July 10, 1982). "De Gustibus; Tea and Chutney: 2 Different Greys". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 27, 2017. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
- ↑ Collingham 2006, pp. 153–154.
- ↑ "Indian restaurant 1926". British Library English Learning Timeline. British Library. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2025.
- 1 2 Bateman, Michael (18 August 1996). "Chutneys for relishing". The Independent. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
- ↑ Prince 2016, pp. 20–22, 180-199.
- ↑ Collingham 2006, p. 235 and note 58 to that page.
- 1 2 "Fresh Choice Groceries". The Denmark Post. Albany, Western Australia. 3 June 1954. p. 4.
Tiger Chutney. Pawpaw and Mango, made by the Indian Condiment Co. "A treat to eat with any meat". 3/3 for 15 oz. jar
- 1 2 3 Minnaar, Michelle (4 September 2024). "Chutney Magic: Americans are finally embracing the legendary sweet and spicy Indian dip". The Washington Times.
- ↑ Davidson 2014, p. 240.
- ↑ Winer 2009, p. 214.
- ↑ Hutton, Wendy (2012). Authentic Recipes from Malaysia. New York: Tuttle Publishing. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-4629-0539-3.
- ↑ Pasiya, Lutho (11 June 2024). "What is blatjang? The South African chutney named among 50 best dips in the world". The Star.
As mentioned, blatjang is a South African chutney. There are many different varieties of this chutney, from slightly spicy to very spicy.
- ↑ Buenfeld, Sara (1 February 2008). "Apricot blatjang". BBC Good Food.
- ↑ "Watch: Tisca Chopra shines phenomenally in brand new short film Chutney". Deccan Chronicle. 29 November 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2026.
- ↑ Desai, Rahul (28 November 2016). "Chutney Short Film Review: Tales On A Scandal". filmcompanion.in. Archived from the original on 23 January 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
- ↑ Rajendran, Gopinath (29 July 2024). "'Chutney Sambar' web series review: Yogi Babu and Radha Mohan cook up a delectable hodgepodge". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 1 August 2024. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
- ↑ Manuel, Peter (1998). "Chutney and Indo-Trinidadian cultural identity". Popular Music. 17 (1): 21–43.
ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱠᱚ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- Brown, Patricia (24 February 1998). Anglo-Indian Food and Customs. Penguin Books India. ISBN 0-14-027137-6.
- Collingham, Lizzie (2006) [2005 (Chatto & Windus)]. Curry: A Tale of Cooks and Conquerors. London: Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-099-43786-4.
- Davidson, Alan (2014). "chutney". In Tom Jaine (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Food (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-967733-7.
- Helstosky, Carol (2014). The Routledge History of Food. Routledge Histories. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-317-62113-3.
- Jaffrey, Madhur (1982). Madhur Jaffrey's Indian Cookery. London: BBC. ISBN 978-0-563-16491-3.
- Prince, Thane (2016) [2008]. Thane Prince's Jams & Chutneys: Preserving the Harvest. DK. ISBN 978-0241255667.
- Raghavan, Susheela (2006). "Pickle and Chutney Blends". Handbook of Spices, Seasonings, and Flavorings (Second ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-0436-6. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
- Winer, Lise (2009). Dictionary of the English/Creole of Trinidad & Tobago. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0-7735-3406-3.
ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- Food Safety in Production of Chutney, Pickles. Jams, Oils – UK. Canterbury.
- Dahiya, Ashish. Food of Haryana: The Great Chutneys. Vol. 1. India. ISBN 978-93-81818-05-3.
- Weaver, William Woys. "Chutney". Ed. Solomon H. Katz. Encyclopedia of Food and Culture. Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2003. pp. 417–418. 3 vols. ISBN 0-684-80568-5.
ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ] |
ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱴᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛᱫᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾. |
- Chutney Origins at Foodreference.com.
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- ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ
- ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ
- ᱥᱨᱤᱞᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ
- ᱛᱨᱤᱱᱤᱫᱟᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱳᱵᱟᱜᱳ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ
- ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ-ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ
- ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱤᱝᱰᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ