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ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ
᱑᱙᱐᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱢᱯᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱜᱮᱡᱮᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱳᱨᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱾
Highest point
ᱴᱩᱭᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝᱵᱩᱨᱩ
ᱩᱥᱩᱞ1,350 m (4,430 ft)
ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱤᱱᱮᱱᱥP2660
ᱟᱭᱤᱥᱚᱞᱟᱥᱚᱱP2659
Coordinates23°21′N 85°20′E / 23.350°N 85.333°E / 23.350; 85.333Coordinates: 23°21′N 85°20′E / 23.350°N 85.333°E / 23.350; 85.333 
Dimensions
ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ65,000 km2 (25,000 sq mi)
Geography
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ is located in Jharkhand
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱮᱠᱳᱨᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ is located in India
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ (India)
Countryᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
State

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ (ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Ipa) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱲ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱜᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱᱚᱫᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡᱽ 65,000 square kilometres (25,000 sq mi) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑]

ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ (ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ 'ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ') ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ "ᱪᱩᱴᱤᱭᱟ" ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒][᱓]

ᱵᱷᱩᱛᱚᱛᱛᱣᱚ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
Jonha falls, Jharkhand
ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱦᱟ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ

ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱤᱯᱤᱭᱚ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ — ᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ᱾ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱤ-ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ, ᱕᱔᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ) ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱮᱠᱴᱳᱱᱤᱠ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱤᱯᱤᱭᱚ ᱩᱛᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱳᱡᱳᱭᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾[᱔] ᱜᱳᱱᱰᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱵᱩᱛᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱠᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱮᱴᱟᱥᱤᱭᱚᱥ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱕᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱭᱩᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱴᱷᱚᱠᱠᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱕] ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱱᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱ (metamorphism), ᱜᱨᱮᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱜᱽᱱᱮᱭᱚ (igneous) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ Ma ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱕ Ma ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱖]

ᱯᱷᱳᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱳᱨᱰ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱳᱥᱤᱞ (fossil) ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱳᱥᱤᱞ-ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱥᱮᱰᱤᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱮᱱᱡᱤᱭᱳᱥᱯᱟᱨᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ, ᱡᱚ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟ, ᱠᱟᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱡᱤᱱ (Neogene), ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱞᱟᱭᱳᱥᱤᱱ (Pliocene) ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾[᱗][᱘]

ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱑᱙᱐᱖ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱳᱠᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 910 to 1,070 metres (3,000 to 3,500 ft) ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱴᱩᱰᱩᱜ ᱫᱚ 1,164 metres (3,819 ft) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱢᱩ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ 610 metres (2,000 ft) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ 300 metres (1,000 ft) ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ — ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱥᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ 1,370 metres (4,480 ft) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱞᱢᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ 1,038 metres (3,407 ft) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ-ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱟᱴ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨᱜᱩᱡᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱳᱠᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱙] ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨᱦᱟᱴ ᱯᱟᱴ, ᱡᱟᱢᱤᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱴ, ᱠᱷᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱴ, ᱨᱩᱫᱽᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱴ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱟᱹᱦᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ

ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡᱽ 700 m (2,300 ft) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱵᱲᱚ-ᱠᱷᱟᱵᱲᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱬᱜᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱐] ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱯᱷᱴ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔] ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱰᱟ (Damodar trough) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑]

ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱱᱰᱨᱩ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (᱗᱕ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ), ᱠᱟᱧᱪᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (᱓᱙.᱖᱒ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ), ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱠᱷ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱽᱱᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (᱖᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ) ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱟᱹᱦᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟᱯᱟ (᱑᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ) ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱷᱮᱲᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱞᱚᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱱᱦᱟ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ (᱒᱕.᱙ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ) ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒]

ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ — ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱰᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡᱽ 610 m (2,000 ft) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾[᱑᱓] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑]

ᱠᱳᱰᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱠᱳᱰᱟᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱓][᱑᱔]

ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱰᱟ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱰᱟ (trough) ᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱥᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨᱟ, ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱳᱠᱟᱨᱳ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱓]

ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱢᱩ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱢᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱳᱭᱮᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱳᱫᱷ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 150 metres (490 ft) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱬᱜᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱕][᱑᱖]

ᱢᱟᱱᱵᱷᱩᱢ-ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱭᱪᱚᱱᱫᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱱᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱞᱦᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱱᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ 300 metres (1,000 ft) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟᱡᱳᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾[᱑᱗] ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ 910 metres (3,000 ft) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱨᱚᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱘]

ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭ-ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ-ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ, ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚᱥᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ 23 °C (73 °F) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚᱥᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱨᱚᱯᱷ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ (freezing point) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱟᱬᱜᱚᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱫᱚ 38 °C (100 °F) ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱫᱤᱱ (ᱡᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾[᱑᱙] ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ 1,400 millimetres (55 in) ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱐]

ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱫ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ
ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ (Shorea robusta) ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱵᱤᱨ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯ-ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱮᱠᱳᱨᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱠᱳᱨᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ 122,100 square kilometres (47,100 sq mi) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ, ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱲ, ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ (Shorea robusta) ᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱢᱩ ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱕]

ᱫᱟᱨᱮ-ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ-ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱳᱦᱚᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ 25 metres (82 ft) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ (Shorea robusta), ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱚᱢ (Madhuca longifolia), ᱢᱟᱫ (Bambusa), ᱥᱟᱜᱩᱣᱟᱱ (Tectona grandis), ᱵᱤᱨ ᱩᱞ (Mangifera indica), ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱫ (Butea monosperma) ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱑]

ᱡᱤᱣᱤ-ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱫᱚᱞᱢᱟ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱭᱡᱩ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ
ᱵᱮᱛᱞᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱩᱞ (Panthera tigris) ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ (Elephas maximus)᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ (Gaur), ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱩᱞ (Dhole), ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟ (Sloth bear) ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱒]

ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ, ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱜ, ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱱᱟᱥᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱮᱠᱳᱨᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱖ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱢᱩ ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫᱟᱥ - ᱛᱟᱢᱳᱨ ᱯᱤᱝᱞᱟ ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱓]

ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱢ ᱥᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱒᱔] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ, ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟ, ᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ (ᱠᱩᱲᱩᱠᱷ), ᱟᱨ ᱦᱳ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ, ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱡᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ, ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ, ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱩᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱢᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ
ᱪᱷᱚᱣ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱷᱚᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱕][᱒᱖] ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱥᱠᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱷᱚᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱙᱐᱐᱐–᱕᱐᱐᱐ BCE ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱥᱚᱢᱯᱚᱫᱽ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ

ᱪᱷᱳᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱵᱽᱨᱚᱠ, ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ, ᱛᱟᱸᱵᱟ, ᱪᱩᱱ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ, ᱢᱮᱬᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱥᱚᱢᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔] ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱱᱤᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ, ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱚᱲ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱗]

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  1. ↑ [(https://web.archive.org/web/20090917115436/http://www.mapsofindia.com/chhattisgarh/geography/chhota-nagpur-plateau.html) "Chhota Nagpur Plateau"]. mapsofindia. Archived from [(http://www.mapsofindia.com/chhattisgarh/geography/chhota-nagpur-plateau.html) the original] on 17 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2009. Retrieved 2 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)
  2. 1 2 Sir John Houlton, Bihar, the Heart of India, pp. 127–128, Orient Longmans, 1949.
  3. ↑ [(https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334291170) "CHOTA NAGPUR: A NOMENCLATURE IN CONTRADICTION"]. researchgate. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  4. 1 2 3 [(https://books.google.com/books?id=-JtQE2FmsIkC&q=Ranchi+plateau&pg=PA107) Geography By Yash Pal Singh]. FK Publications. ISBN 978-81-89611-85-9. Retrieved 2 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)[permanent dead link]
  5. 1 2 [(http://www.eoearth.org/article/Chhota-Nagpur_dry_deciduous_forests) "Chhota-Nagpur dry deciduous forests"]. The Encyclopaedia of Earth. Retrieved 2 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  6. ↑ Ghose, N. C.; Shmakin, B. M.; Smirnov, V. N. (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 1973). "Some geochronological observations on the Precambrians of Chotanagpur, Bihar, India". Geological Magazine. 110 (5): 477–482. doi:10.1017/S0016756800036268.
  7. ↑ Puri, S. N; Mishra, V. P (1982). [(https://www.gsi.gov.in/) "On the find of Upper Tertiary plant, fish and bird fossils near Rajdanda, Palamau district, Bihar"]. Records of the Geological Survey of India. 112: 55–58. Retrieved 28 ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ 2024. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
  8. ↑ Hazra, Manoshi; Hazra, Taposhi; Bera, Subir; Khan, Mahasin Ali (2020). "Occurrence of a cyprinid fish (Leuciscinae) from latest Neogene (?Pliocene) sediments of Chotanagpur plateau, eastern India". Current Science. 119 (8): 1367–1370. doi:10.18520/cs/v119/i8/1367-1370. ISSN 0011-3891. JSTOR 27139024.
  9. ↑ Sharma, Hari Shanker (1982). [(https://books.google.com/books?id=pzuBxr3AFp4C&q=Pat+region+Ranchi+plateau&pg=PA212) Perspectives in geomorphology By Hari Shanker Sharma]. Retrieved 2 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  10. ↑ [(http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Effects+of+Urbanisation+on+ground+water+in+Ranchi.-a0222519725) "Effects of Urbanisation on ground water in Ranchi"]. Retrieved 2 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)[permanent dead link]
  11. 1 2 ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named overview
  12. ↑ Bharatdwaj, K. (2006). [(https://books.google.com/books?id=T1Y_Ytx9wp4C&q=Ranchi+plateau&pg=PA161) Physical Geography: Hydrosphere By K. Bharadwaj]. Discovery Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-8356-167-9. Retrieved 2 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  13. 1 2 3 Lister, Edward (ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ 2009). [(https://books.google.com/books?id=5ROvfeX34PAC&q=Hazaribagh+plateau&pg=PA44) Hazaribagh By Edward Lister]. BiblioBazaar. ISBN 978-1-115-79277-6. Retrieved 2 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
  14. ↑ [(https://web.archive.org/web/20100925044956/http://nrdms.gov.in/acquifer_geometry.asp) "Natural Resources Data Management System"]. Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. Archived from [(http://nrdms.gov.in/acquifer_geometry.asp) the original] on 25 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2010. Retrieved 2 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)
  15. ↑ Sir John Houlton, p. 159
  16. ↑ [(https://web.archive.org/web/20110721172839/http://www.palamu.nic.in/gazette/general_gazette.doc) "Gazetteer of Palamu District"]. Archived from [(http://www.palamu.nic.in/gazette/general_gazette.doc) the original] on 21 ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ 2011. Retrieved 4 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)
  17. ↑ Sir John Houlton, p. 170
  18. ↑ [(https://web.archive.org/web/20110713104524/http://www.jharkhandforest.com/files/Chaibasa_Introduction.pdf) "The West Singhbhum District"]. Archived from [(http://www.jharkhandforest.com/files/Chaibasa_Introduction.pdf) the original] on 13 ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ 2011. Retrieved 20 ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 2010. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)
  19. ↑ Sir John Houlton, p. 126
  20. ↑ [(https://web.archive.org/web/20070927182506/http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/cltech/Damodar/1.1.htm) "Damodar Valley"]. About the Region – Damodar Basin. Ministry of Environments and Forests. Archived from [(http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/cltech/Damodar/1.1.htm) the original] on 27 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2007. Retrieved 25 ᱢᱮ 2008. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)
  21. ↑ Agarwal, Vijayluxmi; Paul, S. R. (ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 1992). [(https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/fedr.19921030518) "Floristic elements and distribution pattern in the flora of Chotanagpur (Bihar) India"]. Feddes Repertorium (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 103 (5–6): 381–398. doi:10.1002/fedr.19921030518. ISSN 0014-8962. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
  22. ↑ Nath, Bhola (1951). [(https://recordsofzsi.com/index.php/zsoi/article/download/162157/113274) "On a collection of mammals from Chota Nagpur, Bihar"]. Records of the Zoological Survey of India. 116: 29–44. doi:10.26515/rzsi/v116/i1/1951/162157. Retrieved 28 ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ 2024. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)[permanent dead link]
  23. ↑ Wikramanayake, Eric; Eric Dinerstein; Colby J. Loucks; et al. (2002). Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: a Conservation Assessment. Island Press; Washington, DC. pp. 321-322
  24. ↑ Paudyal, Netra P.; Peterson, John (1 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2020). "How one language became four: the impact of different contact-scenarios between "Sadani" and the tribal languages of Jharkhand". Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). 7 (2): 275–306. doi:10.1515/jsall-2021-2028. ISSN 2196-078X.
  25. ↑ {{cite book|url=(https://archive.org/details/indiaprehistoric00indi)%7Ctitle=India – Pre-historic and Proto-historic periods|date=2016|publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information & Broadcasting|isbn=978-81-230-2345-8|page=[(https://archive.org/details/indiaprehistoric00indi/page/14) 14]|language=en}}
  26. ↑ [(https://web.archive.org/web/20180906124608/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1080313/jsp/jharkhand/story_9013558.jsp) "Cave paintings lie in neglect"]. The Telegraph. 13 ᱢᱟᱨᱪ 2008. Archived from [(https://www.telegraphindia.com/1080313/jsp/jharkhand/story_9013558.jsp) the original] on 6 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2018. {{cite news}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)
  27. ↑ [(https://web.archive.org/web/20110815182912/http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/cltech/Damodar/2.4.htm) "Mineral Resources and Coal Mining"]. Archived from [(http://envfor.nic.in/divisions/cltech/Damodar/2.4.htm) the original] on 15 ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ 2011. Retrieved 3 ᱢᱮ 2010. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)

ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  • Gupta, Satya Prakash. Tribes of Chotanagpur Plateau: An Ethno-Nutritional & Pharmacological Cross-Section. Land and people of tribal Bihar series, no. 3. [Patna]: Govt. of Bihar, Welfare Dept, 1974.
  • Icke-Schwalbe, Lydia. Die Munda und Oraon in Chota Nagpur - Geschichte, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, Abhandlungen und Berichte des Staatlichen Museum für Völkerkunde Dresden, Band 40; Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1983
  • Mukhopadhyay, Subhash Chandra. Geomorphology of the Subarnarekha Basin: The Chota Nagpur Plateau, Eastern India. [Burdwan]: University of Burdwan, 1980.

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  • Wikisource "Chota Nagpur" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 272. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |HIDE_PARAMETER13=, |HIDE_PARAMETER14c=, |HIDE_PARAMETER14ab=, |HIDE_PARAMETER3=, |HIDE_PARAMETER1=, |HIDE_PARAMETER4=, |HIDE_PARAMETER2=, |separator=, |HIDE_PARAMETER8=, |HIDE_PARAMETER14bb=, |HIDE_PARAMETER20=, |HIDE_PARAMETER5=, |HIDE_PARAMETER14b=, |HIDE_PARAMETER14cb=, |HIDE_PARAMETER14a=, |HIDE_PARAMETER10=, |HIDE_PARAMETER9=, |HIDE_PARAMETER15chapter=, |HIDE_PARAMETER6=, |HIDE_PARAMETER7=, |HIDE_PARAMETER11=, and |HIDE_PARAMETER12= (help)

ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Ecoregions of India ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:GeoSouthAsia ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Damodar Valley ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Plateaus of India

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