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ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱥᱟᱱ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ

ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱥᱟᱱ (ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ: عمرکشان, "ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ"), ᱡᱟᱥᱱ-ᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱽᱨᱟᱛ-ᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ("ᱯᱷᱟᱛᱤᱢᱟ ᱟᱞ-ᱡᱟᱦᱨᱟ' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ"), ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱴᱣᱮᱞᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱭᱟ' ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟ ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱟᱞ-ᱠᱷᱟᱛᱟᱵᱽ (ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱥᱤ. ᱕᱘᱓-᱖᱔᱔) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱵᱩ ᱞᱩ'ᱞᱩ'ᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱨᱩᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ᱾

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱵᱤ' ᱟᱞ-ᱟᱣᱣᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱗ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱠᱷ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱨᱱᱤᱵᱷᱟᱞ-ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱩᱫᱟᱭᱤ ᱱᱳᱨᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟ'ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱦ ᱯᱮᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱨᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱠᱷ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱘᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱴ ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱩᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱫᱟ᱾

ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱵᱤᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱵᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱤᱭᱟ'ᱤ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱵᱩ ᱞᱩ'ᱞᱩ'ᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱖ ᱫᱷᱩ ᱟᱞ-ᱦᱤᱡᱽᱡᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱖ ᱫᱷᱩ ᱟᱞ-ᱦᱤᱡᱽᱡᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱙ ᱨᱟᱵᱤ' ᱟᱞ-ᱟᱣᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ᱾

ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱩ ᱞᱩ'ᱞᱩ'ᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱥᱩᱡᱟ' ᱟᱞ-ᱫᱤᱱ (ᱞᱤᱴ. 'ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ') ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱤᱨᱳ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱴ ᱢᱩᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱯᱷᱟᱛᱤᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱫᱟᱢᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱫᱽ-ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱟᱯᱷᱟᱵᱤᱫᱽ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱫᱩᱱ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱛᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱫᱽ-ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ), ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱝᱠᱮᱛᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮᱸ (ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱵ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱫᱽ-ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹ (ᱞᱟ'ᱱ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ᱾

ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ (᱑᱗᱘᱙-᱑᱙᱒᱕) ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱛᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱫᱽ-ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮ ᱤᱡᱡᱟᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮᱼᱫᱷᱤᱨᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱩᱱᱱᱤ ᱳᱛᱛᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱳᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱦᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱵᱷᱤᱵᱷᱳ ᱫᱚ, ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱯᱮᱱ-ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱡᱽᱢ ᱵᱟᱰᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱤᱫᱩᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ (ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱰᱤᱭᱳᱞᱳᱡᱤ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱣᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱛ ᱮᱫᱟ, ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱭᱟ'ᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱱᱱᱤ), ᱑᱙᱗᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱩᱲᱤᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱤᱛᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱜᱚᱱᱛᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤᱠ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱽ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾

ᱮᱱᱛᱮᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱪᱷᱩᱯᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱯᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱪᱩᱠ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱱ ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟ ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱟᱞ-ᱠᱷᱟᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭᱳ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱘᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱩᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱤᱵᱱ ᱥᱟ'ᱫᱽ (ᱜᱩᱡ ᱥᱤ. ᱖᱘᱖)᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱛᱤᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱛᱤᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱚᱡᱽᱵᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱭᱟ'ᱤ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱼᱯᱟᱦᱪᱟᱬ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾

    ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ

    [ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
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