ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ (Toda)
	ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱵᱩᱰᱷᱤ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ, ᱑᱘᱗᱓
ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
	᱒,᱐᱐᱒ (᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ)
ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱧᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
	ᱱᱤᱲᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ, ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ
	ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ
	ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱾
ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ
	ᱠᱳᱴᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱳᱴᱟ, ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱵᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱙᱐᱐ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱑᱙ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ-ᱨᱚᱝ, ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾^[᱓]

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱱᱰ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱥᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱪᱷᱟᱣᱱᱤ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱫᱷᱟ-ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱱᱤᱲᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ; ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱱᱮᱢ-ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱔]

ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ, ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱥ-ᱵᱟᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱴᱟᱹᱱᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱡ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱛ-ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ UNESCO ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱲᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱕]

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ

᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ. ᱵᱤ. ᱮᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱑᱘᱗᱑ (᱖᱙᱓), ᱑᱘᱘᱑ (᱖᱗᱕), ᱑᱘᱙᱑ (᱗᱓᱙), ᱑᱙᱐᱑ (᱘᱐᱗), ᱑᱙᱑᱑ (᱖᱗᱖), ᱑᱙᱕᱑ (᱘᱗᱙), ᱑᱙᱖᱑ (᱗᱕᱙), ᱑᱙᱗᱑ (᱘᱑᱒) ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ:

"ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱗᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘᱐᱐ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱑᱙᱒᱑ (᱖᱔᱐), ᱑᱙᱓᱑ (᱕᱙᱗), ᱑᱙᱔᱑ (᱖᱓᱐)) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ... ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾"^[᱓]

ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ

ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱯᱟᱫ

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱩᱠᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱪᱨᱤᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱩᱛᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱠᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱞ ᱪᱟᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ

ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ-ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ

ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱾^[᱖] ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ (᱓) ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ (᱕) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱴᱳᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱱᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱗] ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱳᱜᱽᱞᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱞᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱪᱷᱟᱣᱱᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ-ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱞᱟᱭᱰᱤᱝ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱷᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ-ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱾^[᱘]

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱳᱜᱽᱞᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ (᱓ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ, ᱑᱘ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ (᱕.᱕ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱙ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ (᱒.᱗ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱪᱚᱣᱲᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱷᱟᱣᱱᱤ ᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱸᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱳᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱲᱦᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱪᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ (ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴ) ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱓ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ (᱙᱑ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱪᱚᱣᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱲᱫᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱨᱟᱹᱢᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱞ, ᱵᱤᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱩᱦᱩᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱛᱚᱢ, ᱫᱟᱹᱦᱤ, ᱯᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾^[᱙]

ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ 'ᱛᱳᱠᱤᱥᱤ' ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ 'ᱳᱱ' ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱾^[᱑᱐] ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱽ-ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱢ-ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱷᱩᱸᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ 'ᱱᱳᱫᱽᱨᱳᱪᱤ' ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱑] ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱑,᱖᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑,᱘᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱒] ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱵᱚᱥᱛᱤ (ᱢᱩᱱᱰ) ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ: 'ᱯᱟᱞᱩᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ' ( ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ) ᱟᱨ 'ᱯᱩᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ' (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱸᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱷᱟᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱩᱸᱜᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ) ᱾^[᱑᱓]

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱳᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱯᱤᱱᱟᱨᱠᱩᱨᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱲᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱱᱰᱟᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱰᱟᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱳᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ 'ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ' ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱤᱱᱟᱨᱠᱩᱨᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱸᱣᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱔]

ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ᱾^[᱑᱕] ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 'ᱯᱩᱱ' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱖]

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱮᱢ-ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ "ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱩᱦᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱴᱟᱹᱱᱰᱤ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ, ᱨᱳᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱴᱟᱹᱱᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱾"^[᱑᱗] ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱚᱜᱼᱟ: ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 'ᱛᱟᱨᱵᱷᱟᱞᱤ' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 'ᱠᱩᱫᱽᱨᱚᱯᱟᱞᱤ' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ 'ᱠᱩᱫᱽᱨᱚᱯᱟᱞᱤ' ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱜᱷᱚᱱᱴᱤ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱘] ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱢ-ᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱣᱳᱴᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱙]

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱗] ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱮᱣᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱐]

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ-ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱᱟᱹ ᱥᱮ ᱰᱟᱹᱱ-ᱡᱩᱜᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱟᱹᱱ-ᱡᱩᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱠᱩ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱡᱮ ᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱜᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱑]

ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱸᱴ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱳᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ 'ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱳ-ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ' ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱓]

ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠᱥ

ᱞᱮᱠᱴᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥ

ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ 'ᱞᱮᱠᱴᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱥ' (ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱩᱯᱚ-ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱮᱯ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱗.᱘% ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱒] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ

᱒᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚᱸᱠᱨᱤᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱖] ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ-ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱴᱮᱰ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱔᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱓]

ᱠᱟᱹᱥᱤᱫᱟ

ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱥᱤᱫᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱤ.ᱟᱭ. ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱴᱳᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱥᱤᱫᱟ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱠᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱒᱔]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ "A-11 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract Data". www.censusindia.gov.in.
↑ Rivers, William Halse Rivers (1906). The Todas.
1 2 3 Emeneau (1984), pp. 1–2.
↑ "Toda", Encyclopædia Britannica. (2007)
↑ World Heritage sites, UNESCO.
1 2 Walker (2004).
↑ Kasturi, Prema (2007). South India Heritage: An Introduction (in English). East West Books. p. 194.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ The Siddhanta Deepika Or the Light of Truth. Asian Educational Services. 1994. p. 232.
↑ Singh, K. S. (1994). The Scheduled Tribes (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). p. 6.
↑ Walker, Anthony R. (2018). "The Diverse Faces of Toda Religion". Anthropos.
↑ Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 183.
↑ Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 443.
↑ "Toda Temple".
↑ Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 184.
↑ Ganesh, Balasubramanian. "Particularly vulnerable tribal groups of Tamil Nadu". Indian Journal of Public Health.
↑ Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 446.
1 2 Emeneau, M. B. (July 1958). "Oral Poets of South India: The Todas". The Journal of American Folklore.
↑ Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 40.
↑ Peter, Prince. Men and Cultures. pp. 485–489.
↑ Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 340.
↑ Rivers, William H.R. The Todas. pp. 255–261.
↑ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Cite bioRxiv
↑ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Harvp
↑ "GI certificate for Toda embroidery", The Hindu (15 June 2013).

[1] "A-11 Individual Scheduled Tribe Primary Census Abstract Data". www.censusindia.gov.in.

[2] Rivers, William Halse Rivers (1906). The Todas.

[FOOTNOTEEmeneau19841–2-3] 1 2 3 Emeneau (1984), pp. 1–2.

[britannica-toda-4] "Toda", Encyclopædia Britannica. (2007)

[UNESCO-5] World Heritage sites, UNESCO.

[FOOTNOTEWalker2004-6] 1 2 Walker (2004).

[Kasturi2007-7] Kasturi, Prema (2007). South India Heritage: An Introduction (in English). East West Books. p. 194.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[8] The Siddhanta Deepika Or the Light of Truth. Asian Educational Services. 1994. p. 232.

[9] Singh, K. S. (1994). The Scheduled Tribes (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). p. 6.

[10] Walker, Anthony R. (2018). "The Diverse Faces of Toda Religion". Anthropos.

[11] Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 183.

[12] Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 443.

[13] "Toda Temple".

[14] Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 184.

[15] Ganesh, Balasubramanian. "Particularly vulnerable tribal groups of Tamil Nadu". Indian Journal of Public Health.

[16] Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 446.

[:0-17] 1 2 Emeneau, M. B. (July 1958). "Oral Poets of South India: The Todas". The Journal of American Folklore.

[18] Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 40.

[19] Peter, Prince. Men and Cultures. pp. 485–489.

[20] Rivers, William H.R. (1906). The Todas. p. 340.

[21] Rivers, William H.R. The Todas. pp. 255–261.

[22] ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Cite bioRxiv

[23] ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Harvp

[24] "GI certificate for Toda embroidery", The Hindu (15 June 2013).

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