ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ

ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ
ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ
	᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ
ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱑᱑ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ – ᱑᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱒
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ	ᱯᱨᱚᱬᱚᱵᱽ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱟᱨᱡᱤ, ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱵᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱴᱤᱞ
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱱᱛᱨᱤ	ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱥᱟᱞ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱵᱤ
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ – ᱑᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱔
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱱᱛᱨᱤ	ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱥᱟᱞ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱵᱤ
ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚ, ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱯᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱒᱖ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ – ᱑᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱒
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱱᱛᱨᱤ	ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱵᱤᱨᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱵᱤ
ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱑᱙ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ – ᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱑
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱱᱛᱨᱤ	ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱤ. ᱯᱤ. ᱡᱳᱥᱤ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱡᱚᱭᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱢᱮᱥ
ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱟᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱑᱙ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ – ᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱑
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱱᱛᱨᱤ	ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱤ. ᱯᱤ. ᱡᱳᱥᱤ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱠᱤᱥᱳᱨ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱫᱮᱣ
ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱩᱰᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱒᱘ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ – ᱒᱘ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱒
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱱᱛᱨᱤ	ᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱳᱥ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱮᱵᱽ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱯᱟᱴᱮᱞ
᱑᱔ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ – ᱕ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱘
ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱢᱚᱦᱮᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱯᱷᱟᱡᱟᱞ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱮ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱚᱥᱳᱠ ᱪᱟᱵᱟᱞ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱑᱘ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ – ᱑᱖ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱐᱓
ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱯᱤ. ᱥᱤ. Alexander
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱱᱮ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱮ
ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱑᱙᱘᱐ – ᱑᱙᱘᱕
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱴᱤᱞ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱤᱵᱟᱡᱤᱨᱟᱣ ᱯᱟᱴᱤᱞ ᱠᱟᱵᱽᱦᱮᱠᱟᱨ
ᱵᱟᱪᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ	ᱞᱟᱛᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱑᱙᱙᱙ – ᱒᱐᱐᱙
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱤᱵᱟᱡᱤᱨᱟᱣ ᱯᱟᱴᱤᱞ ᱠᱟᱵᱽᱦᱮᱠᱟᱨ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱟᱢᱤᱛ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ
ᱵᱟᱪᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ	ᱞᱟᱛᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ
	ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ; ᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ – ᱑᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱒
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱮ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱥᱳᱠᱨᱟᱣ ᱯᱟᱴᱤᱞ
ᱵᱟᱪᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ	ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ
ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ	ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱜᱽᱫᱳᱡᱤᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ; ᱒᱖ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱔᱕; ᱵᱟᱵᱷᱟᱞᱜᱟᱶ, ᱦᱟᱭᱫᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ; (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ)
ᱜᱩᱨ	᱑᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ (᱖᱗ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ); ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ, ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ	ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ	ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ (m. 1973)
ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ	ᱟᱢᱤᱛ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ; ᱨᱤᱛᱮᱥ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ; ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ
ᱚᱲᱟᱜ	ᱵᱟᱵᱷᱟᱞᱜᱟᱶ, ᱞᱟᱛᱩᱨ, ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ	ᱮᱞ.ᱮᱞ.ᱵᱤ
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ	ᱟᱭᱤ.ᱮᱞ.ᱮᱥ ᱞᱚᱣ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ, ᱯᱩᱱᱭ ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ	ᱞᱚᱣᱭᱮᱨ; ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ

ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱜᱽᱫᱳᱡᱤᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ (᱒᱖ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱔᱕ – ᱑᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱒) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱑᱔ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱖ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱒] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱴᱷᱣᱟᱲᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱛᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱠᱤᱰᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱚᱝᱜᱚᱪ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱓]^[᱔]᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱛᱮᱥ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱣᱩᱰ ᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ

ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱖ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱵᱷᱚᱞᱜᱟᱶ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜᱽᱫᱳᱡᱤᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, 'ᱱᱚᱞᱤᱱᱤ', 'ᱵᱤᱡᱟᱭᱟ' ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ 'ᱫᱤᱞᱤᱯᱨᱟᱣ' ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱟᱡ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱠᱟᱴᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱭᱫᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱣᱟ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱣᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱣᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱟᱜᱽᱫᱳᱡᱤᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱦᱟᱭᱫᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱳᱢᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱩᱥᱢᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱫᱤᱞᱤᱯᱨᱚᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱐-᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱤ.ᱮᱞ.ᱮᱥ ᱞᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ, ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ - ᱚᱢᱤᱛ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ, ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱞ.ᱮ., ᱫᱤᱨᱜᱷᱚ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱢ.ᱮᱞ.ᱮ. ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱣᱩᱰ ᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱛᱮᱥ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱟᱯ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟ, ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱰᱤᱥᱩᱡᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱣᱩᱰ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱯᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱾

ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ 'ᱛᱷᱳᱨᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ' (ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ) ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ 'ᱚᱱᱱᱟ' (ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱫᱳᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱟᱜᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱳᱠᱰᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱚᱠᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱟᱧᱡᱚᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾^{[ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ]}

ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ

ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱵᱷᱚᱞᱜᱟᱶ (ᱞᱟᱛᱩᱨ) ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱨᱯᱚᱧᱪ (ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ) ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱩᱥᱢᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱛᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱮᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱕ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱩᱥᱢᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱭᱩᱴᱷᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱩᱴᱷᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱸᱡᱚᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱚᱸᱪᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱥᱢᱟᱱᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱷᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ (ᱟᱭᱤ) ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ "Vilas was shy as a law student, a poor orator". Pune Mirror. 15 August 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2012.^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ "Department of Heavy Industry". Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises. Retrieved 6 February 2010.
↑ "Vilasrao Deshmukh on life support". 7 ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ 2012. Archived from the original on 15 ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ 2015.
↑ Arun Ram (14 August 2012). "Vilasrao Deshmukh passes away". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 16 August 2012. Retrieved 14 August 2012.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

[lawyer-1] "Vilas was shy as a law student, a poor orator". Pune Mirror. 15 August 2012. Retrieved 15 August 2012.^{[permanent dead link]}

[2] "Department of Heavy Industry". Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises. Retrieved 6 February 2010.

[3] "Vilasrao Deshmukh on life support". 7 ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ 2012. Archived from the original on 15 ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ 2015.

[4] Arun Ram (14 August 2012). "Vilasrao Deshmukh passes away". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 16 August 2012. Retrieved 14 August 2012.

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