ᱟᱨ. ᱥᱤ. ᱦᱟᱨᱥᱪ
ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱦᱟᱨᱥᱪ (ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱦᱟᱨᱥᱪ ᱥᱮ ᱨᱮᱢᱱᱰ ᱪᱟᱨᱞᱥ ᱦᱟᱨᱥᱪ ᱑᱙᱔᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱯᱷᱳᱴᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱟᱨ , ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ , ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱠᱳᱯᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱹᱨᱮᱹᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱣᱳᱯᱮᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱡᱳᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱰᱳᱼᱢᱟᱥᱳᱪᱤᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱶᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱾[᱑] ᱦᱮᱱᱥ ᱵᱮᱞᱢᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱯᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱮᱯᱞᱮᱛᱷᱳᱨᱯᱮᱣ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒] ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱼᱵᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱩᱞᱤᱯᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱱᱤᱱᱚᱫᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱓][᱔][᱕][᱖]
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱤᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱭᱢᱚᱱᱰ ᱪᱟᱨᱞᱥ ᱦᱳᱨᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱔᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱥᱴᱨᱚᱰᱥᱵᱩᱨᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱗] ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ , ᱵᱟᱯᱴᱤᱥᱢᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ , ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ 1933 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱾[᱘]
ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱨᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱨᱟᱯᱷᱚᱴ ᱰᱚᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱨᱟᱰ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱨᱴᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱟᱭᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱡᱤᱝ (᱑᱙᱗᱒-᱑᱙᱗᱕), ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱡᱤᱝ (᱑᱙᱗᱔), ᱢᱟᱱᱩᱯᱷᱮᱠᱪᱚᱨᱞᱮᱰ ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱥ (᱑᱙᱗᱗), ᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ (᱑᱙᱗᱗-᱑᱙᱘᱔), ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱚᱨ (᱑᱙᱙᱗) ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱜᱩᱭᱟᱱᱟ (᱒᱐᱐᱙) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱗-᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱤᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱜᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱵᱷᱮᱱᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱗-᱑᱙᱗᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱛᱷᱮᱢᱯᱷᱮᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ (ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ) ᱾[᱙][᱑᱐] ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ (2001ᱼ2003) ᱟᱨ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ (2009ᱼ2009) ᱠᱚ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ 1975ᱼ1976ᱼ1984ᱼ1989 ᱟᱨ 2009ᱼ2013 ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱡᱮᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 23 ᱡᱩᱱ 2013 ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱪ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑]
ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱦᱟᱨᱥ ᱫᱚ 145ᱼ160 ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱯᱷᱳᱨᱰᱼᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱧᱡ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ 1985 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱰᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱣᱳᱯᱮᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱱᱚᱭᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱠᱤᱡᱳᱯᱷᱨᱤᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱳᱥᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱨᱼᱵᱟᱹᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ , ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠᱮᱞ ᱰᱨᱮᱯᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑]
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]᱑᱙᱖᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱝᱜᱤᱱᱡᱤᱨᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱤᱭᱩᱴᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱨᱥ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱯᱷᱳᱴᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱤᱠᱟᱥᱳ ᱮᱴᱤᱝᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱳᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱢᱚᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ 1968 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱮᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱨᱟᱯᱷᱚᱴ ᱰᱮᱨᱯᱷᱚᱞᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ , ᱩᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱰᱨᱤᱱᱟᱞᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱤᱰᱤᱪ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱠᱤᱥᱠᱳ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱡᱤᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱞᱟᱱᱥ ᱵᱮᱹᱥᱰᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱠᱥᱚᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱭᱵᱷ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱞᱤᱯ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
1970 ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 1973 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ' ᱫᱟ ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱭᱟᱨᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱞ ᱪᱳᱵᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱯᱮᱡ ' ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱚᱛᱛᱚᱨᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱳᱱᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨᱡᱤᱱᱟ ᱥᱯᱮᱞᱵᱷᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾[᱑᱒][᱑᱓] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ , ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱮᱢᱮᱨᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱡᱮᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱯᱞᱟᱥ (ᱮᱡᱚᱠᱩᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ) ᱥᱚᱴ ᱦᱳᱞ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱮᱨᱤ ᱨᱤᱢᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱳᱨᱱ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ 2006 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱞᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱳᱰᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ ' ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱴ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱨᱠ ' ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱤ ᱴᱮᱞᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱔][᱑᱕][᱑᱖][᱑᱗][᱑᱘][᱑᱙][᱒᱐]
1974 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ 10 ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱨ ᱱᱳᱴ ᱱᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱡᱮᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ 1976 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱩᱨᱤᱵ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤᱜᱮ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱴᱮᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ , ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ 1980 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱳ ایئر ᱨᱮᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱮ ᱵᱤ ᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱳᱣᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱥᱯᱳᱨᱴᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱤᱭᱩ ᱮᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱵᱤ ᱰᱤᱼ5 ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱼᱡᱮᱴ ᱵᱤᱨᱚᱛᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑][᱒᱑]
2009 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱨᱮᱯᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱡᱮᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱒᱒][᱒᱓]
2013 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱼᱫᱩᱛᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱨᱳᱭᱤᱱᱼᱵᱮᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ 15 ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱚᱞᱟᱥ
ᱯᱷᱤᱪᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- ᱮᱰᱢᱩᱱᱰ ᱵᱟᱨᱱᱟᱰ ᱥᱮᱴᱟᱨᱛᱷᱳᱭᱮᱴ ᱟᱜ ᱞᱳᱲᱚᱜ ᱟᱱ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ , 1973 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱪᱩᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱥ ᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱯᱨᱤᱡᱽᱥ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱪᱳᱵᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ , 2013 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱤᱠᱚᱥ ᱤᱱᱠ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟᱼᱢᱟᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟᱼᱢᱤᱪᱩᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒][᱑᱓]
- ᱢᱤᱥ ᱴᱨᱮᱨᱤ ᱴᱮᱠᱥ ᱮ ᱞᱤᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤ ' 1973 ' ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ ' 1974 ' ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱪᱩᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱥ ᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱯᱤᱡᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱯᱷᱟᱢᱮ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱠᱳ 1994 ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱧᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱨᱼᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ' ᱵᱷᱚᱞ 1: ᱥᱤᱰᱤᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱭ ' ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ 1994 ' ᱾
- ᱞᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱴᱤᱢᱮᱴ ᱯᱳᱨᱴᱨᱮᱴ ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱤᱭᱩᱢ 2: ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱥᱤᱱᱟᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ 1994 ᱯᱷᱟᱢᱮ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱷᱥᱚᱱ ᱤᱱᱠᱳ 1994 ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱥᱞᱮᱵᱷᱚᱥᱼᱥᱤᱱᱟᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ 2003ᱼᱨᱮ ᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱤ / ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱳ 2003 ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱔][᱒᱕]
- 2006 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱤ / ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱳ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ ᱾
- 1998ᱼ2008 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ' ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ' ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ ' , 2008 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ' ᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱤ ' / ' ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱳ ' ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱖][᱒᱗]
- ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱞᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱣ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱡᱳᱜᱽ ' ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ ' 2004ᱼ2016', ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱹ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱤ / ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱳ 2016 ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱘]
- ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱳᱨ ᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ' ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱩᱨ 2018 ' , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 2018 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱤ / ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱳ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱙]
- ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥᱼ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱟᱱ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤᱼᱥᱤᱱᱟᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ 2022ᱼ ᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱤ / ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱳ 2022 ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
- ᱥᱤᱠᱥᱚ ᱱᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱜ ᱯᱷᱳᱴᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠᱟ 224 E 68 ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱤᱴ 10021 ᱵᱳᱭᱫᱽᱫᱷᱚᱼᱥᱴᱮᱴ 1ᱼ5 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ[᱑][᱓᱐]
- ᱴᱳ ᱫᱟ ᱯᱨᱩᱨᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱮᱥᱴᱼᱞᱟᱥ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱥᱼᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟᱰᱟᱼ2004ᱼᱞᱟᱥ [᱓᱑][᱓᱒][᱓᱓]
- ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱼᱞᱟᱥ ᱮᱱᱡᱮᱞᱥᱼᱞᱤᱯᱷᱤᱱᱟ (2005) ᱨᱩᱢᱼ2005[᱓᱔][᱓᱕][᱓᱖]
- ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱮᱰᱮᱞᱟᱯᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥᱞᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ 2014[᱔][᱕][᱓᱗]
- ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱮᱰᱮᱞᱟᱯᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥᱞᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ 2014 ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥᱠᱚ ᱾[᱔][᱕][᱓᱗]
ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ
- ᱮᱞᱠᱳᱦᱚᱞ ᱯᱷᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱩᱞ ᱥᱴᱤᱯᱷᱮᱱ ᱰᱵᱞᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱢᱮᱛᱷᱤᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ (ᱚᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ 10ᱼᱥᱤᱯᱮᱰ ᱯᱮᱥ ᱵᱟᱨᱠᱞᱮ ᱠᱮᱞᱯᱷᱟᱨᱤᱱᱟ) 1 جنوری 1980 ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ISBN 978 - 0898150308
- Eroto ' To the Prurient Interest ' vol. 1, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱦᱟᱨᱥᱪ ᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱤ / Eroto ' Philadelphia ' Pennsylvania ' 1st Edition August 1,2003 ISBN 9780972973106
- Eroto ′ To the Prurient Interest ′′ ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱤᱭᱩᱢ 2′ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ Hörsch′ IMC/Eroto′ ′ Philadelphiaʼ Pennsylvaniaʼ 1st Edition August 1,2003 ISBN 978 - 0972973113
- Empathy: ᱫᱟ ᱢᱮᱢᱚᱭᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱮᱱ ᱮᱢᱯᱮᱛᱷᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱚᱞ ᱠᱤᱞᱟᱨ ' ᱟᱨ
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- ↑ ᱑.᱐ ᱑.᱑ Sex, by John Spayde, Utne Reader, September–October 1994, p24-25
- ↑ Hans Maes (2009). "Who Says Pornography Can't Be Art?". Art and Pornography: Philosophical Essays. Oxford: Oxford University Press: 26–27.
- ↑ "RC Horsch at LAXposed | Clayton Campbell". claytoncampbell.com. Archived from the original on 5 November 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- ↑ ᱔.᱐ ᱔.᱑ ᱔.᱒ "Ray Horsch's Transgressions at The Papermill (NSFW)". Artblog. 18 June 2014. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ ᱕.᱐ ᱕.᱑ ᱕.᱒ "Naked prostitutes and heroin: Is the R.C. Horsch exhibit in Kensington art or porn — or a catalog of victims? :: Blogs :: The Naked City :: Philadelphia City Paper". Citypaper.net. 3 June 2014. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "Health & Fitness Magazine | Workout Mix". Bizarremag.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Vital Records, File No. 078583-1943
- ↑ Record of Baptism, St. John's Lutheran Church, 9 N 9th Street, Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania
- ↑ Federal Statute of Limitations in Title 18, USC
- ↑ U.S. Const. Amends. V, VI and XIV
- ↑ ᱑᱑.᱐ ᱑᱑.᱑ ᱑᱑.᱒ Presentence Investigation Report, Docket No. 09-00794-01, prepared by Brett A. White, U.S. Probation Officer, United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, March 7, 2011
- ↑ ᱑᱒.᱐ ᱑᱒.᱑ "The Erotic Memoirs of a Male Chauvinist Pig (1973)". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ ᱑᱓.᱐ ᱑᱓.᱑ "Ray Horsch: Sociopathic Villain". The Rialto Report. 15 December 2013. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "streets of new york 10 - iafd.com - internet adult film database". Iafd.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "streets of new york 11 - iafd.com - internet adult film database". Iafd.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "streets of new york 6 - iafd.com - internet adult film database". Iafd.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "streets of new york 7 - iafd.com - internet adult film database". Iafd.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "streets of new york 8 - iafd.com - internet adult film database". Iafd.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "streets of new york 9 - iafd.com - internet adult film database". Iafd.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "new york taxi tales 7 - iafd.com - internet adult film database". Iafd.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ Reno '80, Reno Air Racing Association, 175 West Moana Lane, Reno, Nevada 89509, 1980, p58 (Sept 12,13,14 1980)
- ↑ "Biz Bits: Tips to save time and money this tax season".
- ↑ "Major drug bust in Chalfont | 6abc.com | 6abc Philadelphia | 6abc.com - 6abc Philadelphia".
- ↑ "Yahoo! Groups". Groups.yahoo.com. 2003-01-29. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "NYC: This Fri 5/13 Screening of "Slaves"". Collarchat.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ Fishtown.US - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. "Philadelphia Independent Film Festival at Liberties Walk | Fishtown.US - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania". Fishtown.US. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "AVN - Presenting: Nina". Business.avn.com. 2008-05-06. Archived from the original on 2014-11-06. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "Deleted Scenes, a serial killer's video journal".[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Whore, an intimate and intense portrait".[permanent dead link]
- ↑ Photography in New York, 64 West 89th Street, New York, New York, 10024, September/October 1994, Volume 7, Number 1, Listing #106
- ↑ Fighting the Anesthetic: Foreplay with R. C. Hörsch, A. D. Coleman, in To the Prurient Interest, Volume I, 2003
- ↑ Metaphysics Through the Skin: R.C. Hörsch’s Theater of Erotic Cruelty, A. D. Coleman, in To the Prurient Interest, Volume II, 2003
- ↑ "News Commentary « Photocritic International". Nearbycafe.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ LA Exposed, Los Angeles Convention Center, 1201 S. Figueroa Street Los Angeles, California 90015, June 10–12, 2005
- ↑ "Le provocazioni erotiche di R.C. Horsch. A Roma, da Mondo Bizzarro". Exibart.com. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ "R. C. Horsch Mondo Bizzarro Gallery Bologna". Undo.net. Retrieved 2016-06-26.
- ↑ ᱓᱗.᱐ ᱓᱗.᱑ The Papermill Gallery, 2825 Ormes Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA., June 6–29, 2014 (See note 1)
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