ᱚᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ
ᱚᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ
ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱚᱯ ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ(ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ)
ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ
ᱵᱟᱭᱴᱷᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡ
Assumed office
᱑᱙᱙᱖
ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱚᱯ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱚᱰᱠᱟᱥᱴᱤᱝ
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱒᱒ ᱢᱮᱸ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ – ᱒᱗ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱒
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱱᱛᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱯᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱥᱢᱩᱱᱥᱤ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱢᱟᱱᱤᱥ ᱛᱤᱣᱟᱨᱤ
ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱚᱨ ᱚᱯ ᱴᱩᱨᱤᱥᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱪᱚᱨ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱒᱙ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ – ᱒᱒ ᱢᱮᱸ ᱒᱐᱐᱙
ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱱᱛᱨᱤᱢᱚᱱᱢᱚᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱮᱱᱩᱠᱟ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱚᱨᱤ
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱡᱟ
ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱸᱴ
ᱚᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱤᱞᱟ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱑᱙᱙᱘ – ᱑᱙᱙᱙
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ
ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱸᱴ
ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱭᱩᱛᱷ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ
᱑᱙᱗᱕ – ᱑᱙᱗᱗
ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ
ᱚᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱳᱢᱤᱴᱤ
ᱵᱟᱭᱴᱷᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡ
Assumed office
᱑᱙᱙᱙
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮᱨᱟᱦᱩᱞ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ (᱒᱐᱑᱗-ᱱᱤᱴ)
ᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ (᱒᱐᱑᱗)
ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱚᱯ
ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱣᱚᱨᱠᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ
ᱵᱟᱭᱴᱷᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱤᱡ
Assumed office
᱑᱙᱙᱙
ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ᱑᱓ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱒ (1942-11-13) (᱘᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ)
ᱞᱟᱦᱚᱨ , ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ)
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ
ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫᱩᱫᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ
ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ
ᱚᱲᱟᱜᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ

ᱚᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱓ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱒) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱚᱯ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱚᱰᱠᱟᱥᱴᱤᱝ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱚᱯ ᱯᱟᱨᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢᱮᱸᱴ (ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱟᱫᱤᱛ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱫᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱚᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ) ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱦᱨᱟᱰᱩᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱣᱤᱞᱦᱮᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱰᱤᱝ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ, ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱷ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱸᱝᱠᱳᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤᱯᱞᱚᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱟᱭ ᱾[᱑] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱤᱼᱡᱤ[᱒]ᱠᱮᱫ ᱟᱭ ᱠᱭᱵᱟ[᱓] ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱷᱮᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱮᱵᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱾

᱑᱙᱖᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱚᱭ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱸᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱛᱥᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱚᱥᱴᱤᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

  • ᱑᱙᱗᱕ ᱼ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱸᱴ (Indian youth congress) ᱾
  • ᱑᱙᱗᱖, ᱒᱐᱐᱐, ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱼ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱾
  • ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱼ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱸᱴ (All India mahila congress) ᱾
  • ᱑᱙᱙᱙ᱼ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱼ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ (All India congress commettee) ᱾
  • ᱒᱐᱐᱖ᱼ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱼ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ

ᱚᱯᱷ ᱴᱩᱨᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱪᱚᱨ ᱾

  • ᱒᱐᱐᱙ᱼ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱼ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱸᱰ ᱵᱨᱚᱰᱠᱟᱥᱴᱤᱝ ᱾

ᱨᱚᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱵᱟᱫᱽ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱚᱢᱵᱤᱠᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱵᱷᱤᱣ

᱒᱘ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱤᱴᱤᱝ[᱔][᱕] ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱚᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱪᱤᱱᱛᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱧᱩᱨ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟᱛ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ) ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱮ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ, ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱰᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱴ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗᱙ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱓᱑ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ[᱖] ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱤᱯᱚᱨᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱚᱵᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱰᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱝᱠᱤᱝ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱴ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱗ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘᱐ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱗]

ᱤᱝᱨᱟᱡᱤ ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

  1. Diploma Superiore, French Language ᱠᱷᱚᱱ english ᱨᱮ
  2. Pg, Spanish Art and Literature ᱨᱮ
  3. ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
  4. International Colloquium on Freedom of Expression and Human Rights organized by the Press Council of India
  5. India has world's 'freest' media: Soni, Hindustan Times – 28 April 2011 Archived ᱒᱑ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ at the Wayback Machine.
  6. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-05-07. Retrieved 2017-05-28. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. "web.archive.org" (PDF). freedomhouse.org. 2012. Archived from the original on 2019-02-24. Retrieved 2019-02-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)