ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱵᱟᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ

ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱵᱟᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ (ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭ : ᱛᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱵᱟᱞᱩ) ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱽᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱫᱟᱨᱡᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱮᱥᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮ ᱛᱮ "ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱟᱜ" ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱢᱰᱟᱦᱮ ᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱒᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱛᱚᱮᱟ ᱧᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱑᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱔,᱕᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱬᱟᱣᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱩᱟᱞᱤ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ^[᱑]^[᱒] ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱤᱭᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱦ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱦ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴ ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱵᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱕᱔ ᱪᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱭ ᱴᱚᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ^[᱓] ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱᱭᱚ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱡᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱘᱗,᱖᱕᱓ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱔᱓,᱔᱓᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱰᱛᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱮᱫᱮᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱳᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱟᱮᱥᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱤᱭᱩ ᱞᱳ (Hugh Low) ᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱘᱕᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱩᱣᱟᱨᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴ ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱵᱟᱞᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱢᱩᱛᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱮᱡᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱨᱤᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱔] ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱢᱩᱛᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱛᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ - ᱞᱳ'ᱥ ᱯᱤᱠ ᱾

ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱛ

ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱵᱟᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱦ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱨᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱧᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ "ᱠᱨᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱧᱡᱽ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱨᱤᱛᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ" ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱟᱢᱛᱷᱩᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ, ᱛᱚᱣᱟᱧᱩᱧᱩᱭᱟᱹ, ᱩᱵᱷᱚᱭᱪᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱤᱥᱨᱤᱯ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ

ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱵᱟᱞᱩ ᱱᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱤᱧ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱕᱖᱓ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱕,᱑᱒᱘ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱤᱱᱟᱵᱟᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱦ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱢᱩᱛᱱᱤ ᱱᱤᱥᱟᱱ ᱴᱤᱢᱯᱚᱦᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱥᱤᱞᱚ ᱴᱨᱮᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱱ ᱚᱯᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱦᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚ ᱜᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱕]

ᱜᱤᱞᱟᱨᱤ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ Chilling out in a tropical destination Archived ᱒᱓ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ at the Wayback Machine.. The Jakarta Post, 12 June 2011.
↑ Liew, T.S., M. Schilthuizen & M. Lakim, 2017. The determinants of land snail diversity along a tropical elevational gradient: insularity, geometry and niches. Journal of Biogeography, 37: 1071-1078
↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2018-11-09. Retrieved 2018-11-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
↑ "Kinabalu Park". Sabah Parks. Archived from the original on 4 August 2008. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
↑ https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1012

[1] Chilling out in a tropical destination Archived ᱒᱓ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ at the Wayback Machine.. The Jakarta Post, 12 June 2011.

[2] Liew, T.S., M. Schilthuizen & M. Lakim, 2017. The determinants of land snail diversity along a tropical elevational gradient: insularity, geometry and niches. Journal of Biogeography, 37: 1071-1078

[3] "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2018-11-09. Retrieved 2018-11-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[4] "Kinabalu Park". Sabah Parks. Archived from the original on 4 August 2008. Retrieved 1 November 2008.

[5] ttps://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1012

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