ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ

ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ

A real-color image taken by Mariner 10 in newly processed view (8 June 2020); the surface is obscured by thick sulfuric acid clouds
Designations
Pronunciation	/ˈviːnəs/
Orbital characteristics
Epoch J2000
Aphelion	7011108939114216059♠0.728213 AU 7011108939000000000♠108,939,000 km
Perihelion	7011107477094225708♠0.718440 AU 7011107477000000000♠107,477,000 km
Semi-major axis	7011108208927009172♠0.723332 AU 7011108208000000000♠108,208,000 km
Eccentricity	0.006772
Orbital period	7007194141664000000♠224.701 d 6999615198000000000♠0.615198 yr 1.92 Venus solar day
Synodic period	583.92 days
Average orbital speed	35.02 km/s
Mean anomaly	50.115°
Inclination	6998592465977223492♠3.39458° to ecliptic 3.86° to Sun's equator 2.19° to invariable plane
Longitude of ascending node	76.680°
Argument of perihelion	54.884°
Satellites	None
Physical characteristics
Mean radius	7006605180000000000♠6,051.8±1.0 km 6999949900000000000♠0.9499 Earths
Flattening	0
Surface area	7014460229999999999♠4.6023×108 km2 0.902 Earths
Volume	7020928430000000000♠9.2843×1011 km3 0.866 Earths
Mass	7024486749999999999♠4.8675×1024 kg 0.815 Earths
Mean density	7003524300000000000♠5.243 g/cm3
Surface gravity	7000886999999999999♠8.87 m/s2 0.904 g
Escape velocity	10.36 km/s (6.44 mi/s)
Sidereal rotation period	2992790026400000000♠−243.025 d (retrograde)
Equatorial rotation velocity	6.52 km/h (1.81 m/s)
Axial tilt	2.64° (for retrograde rotation)
North pole right ascension	ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:RA 272.76°
North pole declination	67.16°
Albedo	0.689 (geometric) 0.76 (Bond)
Surface temp. min mean max Kelvin 737 K Celsius 464 °C Fahrenheit 867 °F
Apparent magnitude	−4.92 to −2.98
Angular diameter	9.7″–66.0″
Atmosphere
Surface pressure	92 bar (9.2 MPa) 91 atm
Composition by volume	96.5% carbon dioxide 3.5% nitrogen 0.015% sulfur dioxide 0.0070% argon 0.0020% water vapour 0.0017% carbon monoxide 0.0012% helium 0.0007% neon Trace carbonyl sulfide Trace hydrogen chloride Trace hydrogen fluoride