ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Infobox magnesium

ᱢᱮᱜᱽᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ, ₁₂Mg
ᱢᱮᱜᱽᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ
Pronunciation	/mæɡˈniːziəm/ (mag-NEE-zee-əm)
Appearance	shiny grey solid
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Mg)	[24.304, 24.307] conventional: 24.305
ᱢᱮᱜᱽᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ in the periodic table
	sodium ← ᱢᱮᱜᱽᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ → aluminium
Atomic number (Z)	12
Group	group n/a
Period	[[Period {{{period}}} element\|period {{{period}}}]]
Block	[[{{{block}}}-block]]
Element category	Alkaline earth metal
Electron configuration	[Ne] 3s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	923 K (650 °C, 1202 °F)
Boiling point	1363 K (1091 °C, 1994 °F)
Density when liquid (at m.p.)	1.584 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	8.48 kJ/mol
Heat of	128 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	24.869 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+1, +2 (a strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.31
energies	1st: 737.7 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1450.7 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 7732.7 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 160 pm
Covalent radius	141±7 pm
Van der Waals radius	173 pm
	Spectral lines of ᱢᱮᱜᱽᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed of sound thin rod	4940 m/s (at r.t.) (annealed)
Thermal conductivity	156 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	43.9 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility	+13.1×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	45 GPa
Shear modulus	17 GPa
Bulk modulus	35.4 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.290
Mohs hardness	1–2.5
Brinell hardness	44–260 MPa
CAS Number	7439-95-4
History
Naming	after Magnesia, Greece
Discovery	Joseph Black (1755)
First isolation	Humphry Davy (1808)
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PTMagnesium

Na ← i'box Na	^iso ₁₂Mg E infobox E isobox	→ Al i'box Al
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Notes

↑ The thermal expansion is anisotropic: the parameters (at 20 °C) for each crystal axis are α_a = 6995253099999999999♠25.31×10⁻⁶/K, α_c = 6995270300000000000♠27.03×10⁻⁶/K, and α_average = α_V/3 = 6995259099999999999♠25.91×10⁻⁶/K.^[᱘]

References

↑ Rumble, p. 4.61
↑ Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H.; Brault, J. W. (1985). "The spectrum of magnesium hydride" (PDF). Astrophysical Journal. 298: 375. Bibcode:1985ApJ...298..375B. doi:10.1086/163620. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (help)
↑ Rumble, p. 12.137
↑ Rumble, p. 12.28
↑ Rumble, p. 4.70
↑ Gschneider, K. A. (1964). Physical Properties and Interrelationships of Metallic and Semimetallic Elements. Solid State Physics. Vol. 16. p. 308. doi:10.1016/S0081-1947(08)60518-4. ISBN 9780126077162.
↑ ^᱗.᱐ ^᱗.᱑ ^᱗.᱒ Rumble, p. 4.19
↑ ^᱘.᱐ ^᱘.᱑ ^᱘.᱒ ^᱘.᱓ Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

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[9] The thermal expansion is anisotropic: the parameters (at 20 °C) for each crystal axis are α_a = 6995253099999999999♠25.31×10⁻⁶/K, α_c = 6995270300000000000♠27.03×10⁻⁶/K, and α_average = α_V/3 = 6995259099999999999♠25.91×10⁻⁶/K.^[᱘]

[1] Rumble, p. 4.61

[2] Bernath, P. F.; Black, J. H.; Brault, J. W. (1985). "The spectrum of magnesium hydride" (PDF). Astrophysical Journal. 298: 375. Bibcode:1985ApJ...298..375B. doi:10.1086/163620. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (help)

[3] Rumble, p. 12.137

[4] Rumble, p. 12.28

[5] Rumble, p. 4.70

[6] Gschneider, K. A. (1964). Physical Properties and Interrelationships of Metallic and Semimetallic Elements. Solid State Physics. Vol. 16. p. 308. doi:10.1016/S0081-1947(08)60518-4. ISBN 9780126077162.

[r1-7] ᱗.᱐ ^᱗.᱑ ^᱗.᱒ Rumble, p. 4.19

[Arblaster_2018-8] ᱘.᱐ ^᱘.᱑ ^᱘.᱒ ^᱘.᱓ Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

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