ᱯᱳᱞᱷᱤ ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ

ᱯᱳᱞᱷᱤ ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ
ᱯᱳᱞᱷᱤ ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ
	ᱯᱳᱞᱷᱤ ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ, ᱒᱐᱒᱑, ᱟᱴᱤᱞᱤᱭᱮ ᱟᱢᱰᱮᱱ, ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ	ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱔, ᱑᱙᱕᱕ (᱖᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ); ᱟᱵᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ, ᱯᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ	ᱟᱢᱤᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ	BFA, ᱴᱟᱭᱞᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱮᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ, ᱯᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ, ᱑᱙᱗᱘; SUNY ᱯᱚᱨᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ, ᱱᱤᱣ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ

ᱯᱳᱞᱷᱤ ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱮᱵᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ, ᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥᱞᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ 1955) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱝᱜᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ, ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱤᱠ ᱢᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ "ᱯᱷᱳᱞᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱝᱴᱤᱝ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱑] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱨᱠ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾^[᱑]

ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱯᱳᱞᱷᱤ ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ 1955 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥᱞᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱳᱝᱴᱳᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱵᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱑] ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ 1978 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱨᱠ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ , ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥᱞᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱠᱤᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱭᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱤ ᱮᱯᱷ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱑] ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱪᱮᱡ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱑] 1986 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱳ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ 1990 ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ "ᱯᱷᱳᱞᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱴᱤᱝ" ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱢᱟᱱ, 'ᱮᱱᱴᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱮᱞ', ᱦᱤᱫᱤᱡᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱯᱮᱵᱨᱤᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱮᱞᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ^[᱑]ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱨᱤᱪ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱼᱵᱮᱪᱷᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, "ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱼᱯᱷᱚᱴᱤᱠ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱾

ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱢᱟᱹᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

2002 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱮᱠᱫᱟᱰᱤᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱞᱮᱴᱟᱨᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱠᱫᱟᱰᱤᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱒] ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱳᱥᱯᱷ ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱦᱮᱡᱮᱱ ᱨᱩᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱵᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱞ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱴ, ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱨᱰ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱮᱱᱠᱳᱨᱱ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱳᱥᱤᱯ, 1993 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱜᱮᱱᱦᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱳᱥᱤᱯ ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱨᱠ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱫᱟ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱞᱚᱠᱼᱠᱨᱟᱥᱱᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾^[᱓]^[᱔]

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱯᱚᱞᱤ ᱮᱯᱯᱷᱮᱞᱵᱟᱩᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱚᱡᱦᱚᱭᱟᱨᱚᱱᱚ ᱥᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱰ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱞᱟᱥ ᱮᱱᱡᱮᱞᱥ, ᱥᱤ ᱮ
ᱳᱥᱴᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱳᱥᱴᱤᱱ, ᱴᱤ ᱮᱭᱤᱪᱮᱥ
ᱵᱳᱰᱳᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱵᱨᱟᱱᱥᱩᱭᱤᱠ, ᱮᱢ ᱤ
ᱵᱨᱚᱠᱞᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱵᱨᱚᱠᱞᱤᱱ, NY ^[᱕]
ᱵᱨᱚᱝᱠᱥ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱟ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ, ᱵᱨᱚᱝᱠᱥ, ᱮᱱ ᱳᱭᱤ
ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱯᱷᱳᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱯᱷᱳᱨᱰᱥ, ᱥᱤ ᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱱᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱡᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ
ᱠᱟᱨᱱᱮᱜᱤ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, Pittsburgh, PA
ᱰᱟᱞᱟᱥ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱰᱟᱞᱟᱥ
ᱰᱮᱥ ᱢᱳᱭᱤᱱᱥ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ, ᱰᱮᱥ ᱢᱳᱭᱮᱹᱱᱥ, ᱟᱭ ᱮ
ᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱭᱩᱠᱮᱥ, ᱮᱱ ᱳᱭᱤ
ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱚᱠ ᱱᱳᱨᱰᱼᱯᱟᱥ ᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱞᱟᱭᱤᱥ,ᱰᱩᱱᱠᱟᱨᱠ ᱾, ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱱᱥ
ᱥᱠᱤᱰᱢᱳᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱴᱳᱜᱟ ᱥᱯᱨᱤᱝᱥ, ᱮᱱ ᱳᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱱᱥ ᱤᱭᱝ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱤᱪᱤᱝ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ ᱾
ᱦᱮᱱᱨᱤ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ, ᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱮᱞ
ᱟᱭᱟᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱡᱦᱩᱫ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ, ᱡᱳᱨᱮᱥᱟᱞᱟᱢ, ᱤᱡᱚᱨᱮᱞ ^[᱖]
ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱳᱢᱯᱳᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱠᱟᱱᱥᱟᱥ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ, ᱮᱢ ᱳ ᱾
ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱥᱤᱚᱱ 3, ᱥᱴᱚᱠᱦᱳᱢ, ᱥᱩᱭᱰᱮᱱ ^[᱗]
ᱢᱚᱭᱟᱢᱤ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ, ᱢᱚᱭᱟᱢᱤ
ᱢᱩᱡᱤᱥᱤ ᱰ 'ᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱳᱰᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱰ ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱥ
ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱢᱳᱫᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱨᱠ ^[᱘]
ᱢᱩᱭᱚᱡᱤᱭᱩᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱳᱢᱯᱳᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱪᱤᱠᱳ
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱠᱟᱫᱮᱢᱤ ᱢᱚᱡᱦᱩᱫ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ, ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱨᱠ
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ, ᱳᱣᱟᱥᱴᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱰᱤᱥᱤ ^[᱙]
ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱭ ᱢᱮᱠᱤᱥᱠᱳ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟ ᱯᱷᱮ, ᱮᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱾
ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ, ᱯᱷᱟᱞᱤᱴ
ᱯᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱠᱫᱟᱰᱤᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱫᱟᱯᱷᱤᱭᱟ, PA
ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱫᱟᱯᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱫᱟᱯᱷᱤᱭᱟᱭ
ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ, ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥᱴᱟᱱ, ᱮᱱ ᱡᱮ
ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭ ᱮᱥ ᱰᱤ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱯᱚᱨᱵᱷᱟᱭᱮᱱᱥ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱥᱯᱤᱰ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ, ᱞᱩᱭᱤᱥᱵᱷᱤᱞ, ᱠᱮᱣᱟᱭ ^[᱑᱐]
ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱮᱱ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨ, ᱮᱢ ᱟᱭ ^[᱑᱑]
ᱩᱭᱴᱤᱱᱤ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱢᱤᱠᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱨᱴ, ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱨᱠ ^[᱑᱒]
ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱮᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱢ, ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱮᱥᱴ, ᱮᱢ ᱮ
ᱤᱭᱮᱞ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ, ᱱᱤᱭᱦᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ, ᱥᱤᱴᱤ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

↑ ^᱑.᱐ ^᱑.᱑ ^᱑.᱒ ^᱑.᱓ ^᱑.᱔ ^᱑.᱕ "Polly Apfelbaum", National Museum of Women in the Arts, Retrieved 31 October 2018.
↑ "Polly Apfelbaum", Academy of Arts and Letters, Retrieved 31 October 2018.
↑ Polly Apfelbaum, Guggenheim Fellowship.
↑ Polly Apfelbaum among the artists that received the grand, Pollock-Krasner Foundation.
↑ "Brooklyn Museum". www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
↑ "Polly Apfelbaum | The Israel Museum, Jerusalem". www.imj.org.il (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.
↑ "Polly Apfelbaum". Magasin III (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.
↑ "Polly Apfelbaum. Blossom. 2000 | MoMA". The Museum of Modern Art (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.
↑ "Polly Apfelbaum | Artist Profile". NMWA (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.
↑ "Wallflowers (Mixed Emotions)". Speed Art Museum (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.
↑ "Exchange: Flower Patch". exchange.umma.umich.edu. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
↑ "Polly Apfelbaum | Flags of Revolt and Defiance". whitney.org (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.

[NMWA-1] ᱑.᱐ ^᱑.᱑ ^᱑.᱒ ^᱑.᱓ ^᱑.᱔ ^᱑.᱕ "Polly Apfelbaum", National Museum of Women in the Arts, Retrieved 31 October 2018.

[2] "Polly Apfelbaum", Academy of Arts and Letters, Retrieved 31 October 2018.

[3] Polly Apfelbaum, Guggenheim Fellowship.

[4] Polly Apfelbaum among the artists that received the grand, Pollock-Krasner Foundation.

[5] "Brooklyn Museum". www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 2021-01-14.

[6] "Polly Apfelbaum | The Israel Museum, Jerusalem". www.imj.org.il (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.

[7] "Polly Apfelbaum". Magasin III (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.

[8] "Polly Apfelbaum. Blossom. 2000 | MoMA". The Museum of Modern Art (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.

[9] "Polly Apfelbaum | Artist Profile". NMWA (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.

[10] "Wallflowers (Mixed Emotions)". Speed Art Museum (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.

[11] "Exchange: Flower Patch". exchange.umma.umich.edu. Retrieved 2021-01-14.

[12] "Polly Apfelbaum | Flags of Revolt and Defiance". whitney.org (in ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2021-01-14.

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