ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ

ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ,  ₂He

ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ
Pronunciation	/ˈhiːliəm/ ​(HEE-lee-əm)
Appearance	colorless gas, exhibiting a gray, cloudy glow (or reddish-orange if an especially high voltage is used) when placed in an electric field
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(He)	7000400260200000000♠4.002602(2)
ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson – ↑ He ↓ Ne hydrogen ← ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ → lithium
Atomic number (Z)	2
Group	group n/a
Period	[[Period {{{period}}} element|period {{{period}}}]]
Block	[[{{{block}}}-block]]
Element category	Noble gas
Electron configuration	1s2
Electrons per shell	2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	gas
Boiling point	4.222 K ​(−268.928 °C, ​−452.070 °F)
Density (at STP)	0.1786 g/L
when liquid (at b.p.)	0.125 g/cm3
Triple point	2.177 K, ​5.043 kPa
Critical point	5.1953 K, 0.22746 MPa
Heat of fusion	0.0138 kJ/mol
Heat of	0.0829 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	20.78 J/(mol·K)
pressure (defined by ITS-90) P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K)     1.23 1.67 2.48 4.21
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	0
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: no data
energies	1st: 2372.3 kJ/mol 2nd: 5250.5 kJ/mol
Covalent radius	28 pm
Van der Waals radius	140 pm
Spectral lines of ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Speed of sound	972 m/s
Thermal conductivity	0.1513 W/(m·K)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility	3005812000000000000♠−1.88×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
CAS Number	7440-59-7
History
Naming	after Helios, Greek god of the Sun
Discovery	Norman Lockyer (1868)
First isolation	William Ramsay, Per Teodor Cleve, Abraham Langlet (1895)
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct

[]  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
Natural occurence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03) See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

One of these is a named reference. It may be cited in the containing article as

• <ref name = "CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})

ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ (helium)

ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ

ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ (ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ: helium) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱥᱟᱭᱱᱤᱠ ᱛᱟᱛᱣᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱥᱠᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱵᱮᱞ ᱜᱮᱥ (noble gas) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱝᱦᱤᱱ, ᱜᱚᱸᱫᱷᱤᱱ, ᱪᱟᱠᱷᱟᱣᱟᱱ, ᱵᱤᱥᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ (ᱱᱚᱱ ᱴᱚᱠᱥᱤᱠ) ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱒ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱛᱣᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱣᱚᱛᱷᱱᱟᱸᱠ (boiling point) ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱜ (melting point) ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱨᱚᱣᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱯᱚᱫᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱟᱯ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱪᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑.᱙ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱞᱣᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾

ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ He, ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱔, ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱮᱞᱮᱞ ᱒, ᱜᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛᱣᱚ ᱐.᱒᱗᱘᱕, ᱠᱨᱚᱸᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱯ - ᱒᱖᱗.᱐᱐ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱱᱚᱸᱠ ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱣ ᱒᱒᱓ ᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱸᱰᱟᱞ, ᱠᱣᱟᱛᱷᱱᱚᱸᱠ -᱒᱓᱗.᱙᱐ ᱥᱮ. ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱞᱱᱟᱸᱠ -᱒᱗᱒ ᱰᱤᱜᱨᱤ ᱥᱮ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱠ He3, ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱫᱨᱣᱭᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱓.᱐᱒᱗᱐ ᱟᱨ He4, ᱯᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱩ ᱫᱨᱣᱭᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱔.᱐᱐᱓᱙ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤᱠ He5, ᱯᱨᱢᱟᱱᱣᱤᱠ ᱫᱨᱣᱭᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱔.᱐᱒᱓᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱣ He6, ᱯᱨᱢᱟᱱᱣᱤᱠ ᱫᱨᱣᱭᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱖.᱐᱒᱗ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ

᱑᱘᱖᱘ ᱤᱥᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱣᱜᱨᱟᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱱᱢᱟᱸᱰᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱭᱩᱱ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱚᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱫᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱰᱤ᱓ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮ. ᱱᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱠᱭᱟᱨ (Norman Lockyer) ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱰᱤ᱓ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮ. ᱱᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱠᱭᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱟᱷ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱛᱣᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ (ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱨ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱙᱕ ᱤᱥᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱮᱱ (William Ramsay) ᱫᱚ ᱠᱞᱤᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱱᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱫᱷ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱠᱞᱤᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱱᱩ ᱥᱟᱞᱯᱷᱭᱩᱨᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱣᱤᱣᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱨᱣᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱟᱛ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴᱨᱚᱡᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴᱨᱚᱡᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱯᱮᱠᱴᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤ᱓ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱩᱞᱠᱟ ᱞᱚᱦ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱣᱟᱨᱥ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱪᱷᱢᱚᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱦᱟᱣᱟᱢᱟᱸᱰᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱨᱟᱢᱡᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱮᱨᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱰᱤ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱣ ᱯᱚᱫᱟᱨᱛᱷ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱸᱰᱟᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱝ ᱢᱚᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ (᱑᱘,᱖᱐᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱛᱹᱱᱤᱡ, ᱪᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱚᱜᱮᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱡᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱡᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱹᱴᱤ ᱵᱮᱠᱨᱤ ᱦᱩᱤᱚᱣᱟᱛ ᱛᱮᱨᱛᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱒ ᱜᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱢᱤ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱩᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱜ ᱡᱟ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱛᱨᱚ ᱒ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱟᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱫᱤᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱘ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱥᱟᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ

•ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱ
•ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱳᱡᱟᱱ

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

• The Periodic Table of Videos - Helium
• US Government' Bureau of Land Management: Sources, Refinement, and Shortage. With some History of Helium.
• U.S. Geological Survey Publicationson Helium beginning 1996
• It's Elemental – Helium

ᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ

• Helium Archived ᱒᱐᱐᱕-᱐᱔-᱑᱒ at the Wayback Machine. at the Helsinki University of Technology; includes pressure-temperature phase diagrams for helium-3 and helium-4
• Lancaster University, Ultra Low Temperature Physics - includes a summary of some low temperature techniques

ᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱠᱟᱱ

• Physics in Speech with audio samples that demonstrate the unchanged voice pitch
• Article about helium and other noble gases
• Ebyte article on helium scarcity and potential effects on NMR and MRI communities