ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ

ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱸᱣᱫᱟᱹ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱩᱵᱚᱛ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱚᱨᱚᱜᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱥᱩᱵᱚᱛ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱸᱬᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱸᱬ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ
ᱫᱮᱥᱟᱱᱛᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱨ (λ)
Lines of longitude appear vertical with varying curvature in this projection, but are actually halves of great ellipses, with identical radii at a given latitude.
ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ (φ)
Lines of latitude appear horizontal with varying curvature in this projection; but are actually circular with different radii. All locations with a given latitude are collectively referred to as a circle of latitude.
ᱵᱤᱥᱩᱵᱚᱛ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱫᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱫᱷ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱐° ᱾

ᱵᱤᱥᱩᱵᱚᱛ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱩᱰᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱴᱩᱰᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱩᱰᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱨᱩᱵᱽ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱥᱩᱵᱚᱛ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱥᱩᱵᱚᱛ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱑° ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱙᱐°–᱙᱐° ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱐ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ

ᱵᱤᱥᱩᱵᱚᱛ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱐° ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱰᱩᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱩᱜᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

ᱢᱩᱬ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ

The orientation of the Earth at the December solstice.

ᱵᱤᱥᱩᱵᱚᱛ ᱜᱟᱨ (᱐°), ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱨᱩᱵᱽ (᱙᱐° ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ) ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱨᱩᱵᱽ (᱙᱐° ᱮᱛᱚᱢ) ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ :-

ᱟᱨᱠᱚᱴᱤᱠ ᱜᱟᱨ	᱖᱖° ᱓᱔′ (᱖᱖.᱕᱗°) ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ
ᱠᱚᱨᱠ ᱜᱟᱨ	᱒᱓° ᱒᱖′ (᱒᱓.᱔᱔°) ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ
ᱢᱚᱠᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱨ	᱒᱓° ᱒᱖′ (᱒᱓.᱔᱓°) ᱮᱛᱚᱢ
ᱟᱱᱴᱟᱨᱠᱴᱤᱠ ᱜᱟᱨ	᱖᱖° ᱓᱔′ (᱖᱖.᱕᱗°) ᱮᱛᱚᱢ

ᱜᱚᱞᱳᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ

ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱜᱟᱨ ($\phi$) ᱟᱨ ᱫᱮᱥᱟᱱᱛᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱨ ($\lambda$) ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ (ᱚᱠᱪᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱑᱐°)

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

• GEONets Names Server, access to the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency's (NGA) database of foreign geographic feature names.
• Resources for determining your latitude and longitude
• Convert decimal degrees into degrees, minutes, seconds - Info about decimal to sexagesimal conversion
• Convert decimal degrees into degrees, minutes, seconds
• Distance calculation based on latitude and longitude - JavaScript version
• 16th Century Latitude Survey
• Determination of Latitude by Francis Drake on the Coast of California in 1579