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ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ

ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱳᱴᱤ, ᱜᱳᱰᱤᱡᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱳᱴ ᱴᱮᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[]

Kalkoti
کلکوٹی / کھلکوٹی / کھعلکوٹی
ᱨᱟᱹᱲ[kʰælkoːʈ]
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶPakistan
ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟKalkot Tehsil
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ
Expression error: ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱚᱜᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ "᱒".e25
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ
ISO 639-3xka
ᱜᱞᱳᱴᱳᱞᱳᱜᱽkalk1245[]

ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
Front Back
Close ɪ~i(ː) ʊ~u(ː)
Mid
Open ə~æ(ː)~aː ɑ(ː)~ɒ(ː)

ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ; ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱮᱢᱤᱠ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾[]

ᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
Labial Dental Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n ɳ (?) ŋ (?)
Plosive voiceless p t ʈ k q ʔ (?)
aspirated ʈʰ (?)
voiced b d ɖ ɡ
Affricate voiceless ts
aspirated tʂʰ (?) tʃʰ
voiced
Fricative voiceless (f) s ʂ ʃ x
voiced z ɣ
Lateral l
Flap ɾ ɽ (?)
Approximant ʋ j


ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱢ /q,  ⁇ , x, z, ɣ,  ⁇ / ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱥᱯᱤᱨᱮᱴ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱯᱟᱞᱩᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱥᱯᱤᱨᱮᱴ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ /ʔ/ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱮᱢᱤᱠ ᱥᱴᱮᱴᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱵᱮ, ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱳᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱴᱳᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱦᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱴᱳᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

  1. https://books.google.com/books/about/International_Encyclopedia_of_Linguistic.html?id=sl_dDVctycgC#v=onepage&q&f=falseOxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-513977-8
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Kalkoti". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (help)
  3. Liljegren, Henrik (2013). "Notes on Kalkoti: A Shina Language with Strong Kohistani Influence". Linguistic Discovery. 11 (1): 129–160. doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.423. ISSN 1537-0852