ᱢᱳᱝᱜᱳᱞ

This article is about the East Asian ethnic group. For other uses, see ᱢᱳᱝᱜᱳᱞ (disambiguation).

Mongols

Монголчууд Mongolchuud ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:MongolUnicode
A Mongolian Buddhist Monk
Total population
ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱜᱩᱴᱤ 10–11 million (2016)
Regions with significant populations
China	6,146,730 (2015)
ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Country data Mongolia	3,201,377
Russia	822,763
South Korea	41,500
United States	18,000–20,500
ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Country data Czech Republic	10,200
ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Country data Kyrgyzstan	10,000
Japan	7,340
Canada	6,311
Germany	4,056
United Kingdom	3,331
Kazakhstan	2,723
France	2,459
ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Country data Turkey	2,143
ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Country data Austria	2,007
Malaysia	1,530
Languages
Mongolian language
Religion
Predominantly Tibetan Buddhism, background of shamanism. minority Tengrism or Folk religion, Sunni Islam, Eastern Orthodox Church, Taoism, Bön and Protestantism.
Related ethnic groups
Proto-Mongols, Khitan people

The Mongols (Mongolian: Монголчууд, ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:MongolUnicode, Mongolchuud, ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:IPA-mn) are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and to China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. They also live as minorities in other regions of China (e.g. Xinjiang), as well as in Russia. Mongolian people belonging to the Buryat and Kalmyk subgroups live predominantly in the Russian federal subjects of Buryatia and Kalmykia.

The Mongols are bound together by a common heritage and ethnic identity. Their indigenous dialects are collectively known as the Mongolian language. The ancestors of the modern-day Mongols are referred to as Proto-Mongols.

Definition

Broadly defined, the term includes the Mongols proper (also known as the Khalkha Mongols), Buryats, Oirats, the Kalmyk people and the Southern Mongols. The latter comprises the Abaga Mongols, Abaganar, Aohans, Baarins, Gorlos Mongols, Jalaids, Jaruud, Khishigten, Khuuchid, Muumyangan and Onnigud.

The designation "Mongol" briefly appeared in 8th century records of Tang China to describe a tribe of Shiwei. It resurfaced in the late 11th century during the Khitan-ruled Liao dynasty. After the fall of the Liao in 1125, the Khamag Mongols became a leading tribe on the Mongolian Plateau. However, their wars with the Jurchen-ruled Jin dynasty and the Tatar confederation had weakened them.

In the thirteenth century, the word Mongol grew into an umbrella term for a large group of Mongolic-speaking tribes united under the rule of Genghis Khan.

Gallery

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  Mongol Empress Zayaat (Jiyatu), wife of Kulug Khan (1281–1311)

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  Genghis' son Tolui with Queen Sorgaqtani

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  Hulegu Khan, ruler of the Ilkhanate

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  13th century Ilkhanid Mongol archer

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  Mongol soldiers by Rashid al-Din in 1305

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  Kalmyk Mongol girl Annushka (painted in 1767)

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  A 20th-century Mongol Khan, Navaanneren

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  The 4th Dalai Lama Yonten Gyatso

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  Dolgorsürengiin Dagvadorj became the first Mongol to reach sumo's highest rank.

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  Mongol women archers during Naadam festival

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  A Mongol musician

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  A Mongol Wrangler

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  Buryat Mongol shaman

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  Kalmyks, 19th century

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  Mongol girl performing Bayad dance

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  Buryat Mongols (painted in 1840)

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  Daur Mongol Empress Wanrong (1906–1946), also had Borjigin blood on maternal side.

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  Buryat Mongol boy during shamanic rite

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  Concubine Wenxiu was Puyi's consort

See also

• Altan Telgey
• American Center for Mongolian Studies
• Horse culture in Mongolia
• List of medieval Mongol tribes and clans
• List of modern Mongolian clans
• List of Mongol states
• List of Mongolians
• Mongolian name
• Qaraunas

References

External links

• "Evidence that a West-East admixed population lived in the Tarim Basin as early as the early Bronze Age" Li et al. BMC Biology 2010, 8:15.
• Ethnic map of Mongolia
• Map share of ethnic by county of China

Authority control	BNF: cb11970810t (data) LCCN: sh85086834 NDL: 00567830 VIAF: 128689413 WorldCat Identities (via VIAF): 128689413