ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱥ
| Subhas Chandra Bose | |
|---|---|
 Bose, ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱜᱩᱴᱤ 1930s | |
| Leader of Indian National Army[lower-alpha ᱔] | |
| ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ 4 July 1943 – 18 August 1945 | |
| ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | Mohan Singh and Iwaichi Fujiwara founders of the First Indian National Army |
| ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | Office abolished |
| President of the All India Forward Bloc | |
| ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ 22 June 1939 – 16 January 1941 | |
| ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | Office established |
| ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | Sardul Singh Kavishar |
| President of the Indian National Congress | |
| ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ 18 January 1938 – 29 April 1939 | |
| ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | Rajendra Prasad |
| 5th Mayor of Calcutta | |
| ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ 22 August 1930 – 15 April 1931 | |
| ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | Jatindra Mohan Sengupta |
| ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ | Bidhan Chandra Roy |
| ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ | |
| ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ | Subhas Chandra Bose ᱒᱓ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱘᱙᱗ Cuttack, Bengal Presidency, British India |
| ᱜᱩᱨ | ᱑᱘ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱔᱕ (ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱔᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ)
[᱔][᱕] Taihoku, Japanese Taiwan |
| ᱛᱚᱯᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ | Renkō-ji, Tokyo, Japan |
| ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ | Indian National Congress All India Forward Bloc |
| ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ | ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Gray[᱖] |
| ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ | Anita Bose Pfaff |
| ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ |
|
| ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ |
|
| ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱟᱭ | Indian independence movement |
| ᱥᱩᱦᱤ |  |
ᱥᱩᱵᱟᱥ ᱪᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱥ (Bengali: সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱡᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱓᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱓᱙ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱓ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱴᱟᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱧᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱵᱚᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱝᱜᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱧᱡᱽ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱠᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱵᱚᱥ ᱟᱭᱳ-ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱒᱓ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱴᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱚᱛᱤ, ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱚ. ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱟᱱᱤ (ᱠᱷᱟ. 'ᱟᱢ'), ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱧᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱝᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱑᱔ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ.ᱠᱳ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱠᱤᱱᱟᱛᱷ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱮᱞᱮᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟ ᱯᱩᱡᱟ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ.
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ/ ᱢᱟᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟ.ᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱤᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟ.ᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱩᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱤ. ᱥᱤ. ᱮᱥ. ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ (Non-cooperation) ᱢᱤᱪᱷᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ.ᱲ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ.ᱞᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱢᱤᱪᱷᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱟ.ᱛᱩᱼᱟ.ᱛᱩ ᱫᱟᱬᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱛᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟ., ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ, ᱪᱟ.ᱥᱤ, ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱢᱤᱪᱷᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱫᱩᱼᱫᱮᱞᱟ ᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱚᱨᱚᱸᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱣᱚᱨᱟᱡᱣᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱢᱠᱟᱡᱽᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱢᱤᱪᱷᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱨᱟ.ᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱜᱟ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱞᱟ.ᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱛᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱸᱫᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟ.ᱭᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱟᱭ, ᱟᱴᱠᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱞᱟᱝᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱡᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱛᱮ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱦᱟ.ᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱟᱸᱵᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲᱼᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟ.ᱲᱤᱡ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱠᱪᱷᱟ. ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱣᱤᱡᱚᱨᱞᱟᱸᱰ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱤ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱴᱨᱚᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱮ ᱚᱞᱼᱛᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱓᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ.ᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟ.ᱜ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱓᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱸᱜᱨᱮᱥ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱜᱩᱣᱟ.ᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱓᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟ.ᱪᱤᱭ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱸᱫᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱯᱟᱲᱤᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱤᱱᱟ. ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱸᱜᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱣᱟᱰ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟ. ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱣᱟᱰ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱵᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱵᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱪᱟ.ᱨ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱟ.ᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱩᱯᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱲᱟᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱵᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟ. ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱫᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱵᱚᱨᱞᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱟᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱯᱟᱭᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱨᱟ.ᱡᱽ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱤᱸᱫᱽ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱭᱠᱚ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱦᱩᱞᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱡᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱨᱟ.ᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟ.ᱭᱨᱤᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱞᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱤᱨᱟ.ᱞ ᱜᱮᱥᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱯᱟᱭᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟ.ᱛᱤᱭᱟ.ᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
᱑᱙᱔᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟ.ᱣᱠᱟ. ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱺᱜᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱤᱸᱫᱽ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱵᱟ.ᱦᱤᱱᱤᱭ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱵᱟ.ᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱤᱠᱷᱟ.ᱱ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ.ᱫᱚ ᱤᱸᱜᱽᱨᱟ.ᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱟᱥ ᱵᱳᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱴᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱵᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱦᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱰᱟ.ᱣᱜ ᱜᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱳᱠᱤᱳ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ, ᱤᱠᱷᱟ.ᱱ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱢᱳᱡᱟ ᱫᱤᱯᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟ.ᱣᱜ ᱜᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮᱭ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱚᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ
[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]- Netaji Research Bureau
- Declassified papers at the National Archives of India
- Subhas Chandra Bose family Tree Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱑-᱐᱒-᱒᱔ at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Gordon 1990, p. 502.
- ↑ Wolpert 2000, p. 339.
- ↑ Gordon 1990, pp. 502–503.
- ↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs nameddod-combined - ↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedgordon-bose-death - ↑ Hayes 2011, p. 15.
- ↑ Gordon 1990, p. 32.
- ↑ Gordon 1990, p. 33.
- 1 2 Gordon 1990, p. 48.
- ↑ Gordon 1990, p. 52.
- 1 2 The_Open_University.
- ↑ "the Provisional Government of Azad Hind (or Free India Provisional Government, FIPG) was announced on 21 October. It was based at Singapore and consisted, in the first instance, of five ministers, eight representatives of the INA, and eight civilian advisers representing the Indians of Southeast and East Asia. Bose was head of state, prime minister and minister for war and foreign affairs.[᱑]
- ↑ "Hideki Tojo turned over all Japan's Indian POWs to Bose's command, and in October 1943 Bose announced the creation of a Provisional Government of Free India, of which he became head of state, prime minister, minister of war, and minister of foreign affairs."[᱒]
- ↑ "Bose was especially keen to have some Indian territory over which the provisional government might claim sovereignty. Since the Japanese had stopped east of the Chindwin River in Burma and not entered India on that front, the only Indian territories they held were the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Indian Ocean. The Japanese navy was unwilling to transfer administration of these strategic islands to Bose's forces, but a face-saving agreement was worked out so that the provisional government was given a 'jurisdiction', while actual control remained throughout with the Japanese military. Bose eventually made a visit to Port Blair in the Andamans in December and a ceremonial transfer took place. Renaming them the Shahid (Martyr) and Swaraj (Self-rule) Islands, Bose raised the Indian national flag and appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Loganadhan, a medical officer, as chief commissioner. Bose continued to lobby for complete transfer, but did not succeed."[᱓]
- ↑ His formal title after 21 October 1943 was: Head of State, Prime Minister, Minister of War, and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Provisional Government of Free India, which was based in Japanese-occupied Singapore.[lower-alpha ᱑][lower-alpha ᱒] with jurisdiction, but without the sovereignty of Japanese-occupied Andaman Islands.[lower-alpha ᱓]
- ↑ Expelled from the college and rusticated from the university, 15 February 1916;[᱙] reinstated in the university 20 July 1917.[᱑᱐]
- ↑ "When another run-in between Professor Oaten and some students took place on February 15 (1916), a group of students including Subhas Bose, ... decided to take the law in their own hands. Coming down the broad staircase from the second floor, Oaten was surrounded (the) students who beat him with their sandals—and fled. Although Oaten himself was not able to identify any of the attackers, a bearer said he saw Subhas Bose and Ananga Dam among those fleeing. Rumors in student circles also placed Subhas among the group. An investigation was carried out by the college authorities, and these two were expelled from the college and rusticated from the university.[᱙]
- ↑ "Upon arriving in Britain, Bose went up to Cambridge to gain admission. He managed to gain entry to Fitzwilliam Hall, a body for non-collegiate members of the University. Bose took the Mental and Moral Sciences Tripos."
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