ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ (Kalo Finnish Romani: kaalengo tšimb) ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ (ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱜᱽᱨᱩᱯ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱠᱟᱱᱰᱳᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱝᱞᱳᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
| Finnish Kalo | |
|---|---|
| kaalengo tšimb | |
| ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | Finland, Sweden |
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ | Expression error: ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱚᱜᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ "᱒".e25 ᱑,᱗᱐᱐ in Sweden (2009)[᱑] |
| ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ | |
| ISO 639-3 | rmf |
| ᱜᱞᱳᱴᱳᱞᱳᱜᱽ | kalo1256[᱒] |
ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱖,᱐᱐᱐-᱑᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱨ-ᱯᱮ-ᱜᱮ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱤᱠᱥᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱝᱜᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱞᱟᱸᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱝᱜᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾
ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱑᱓,᱐᱐᱐ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱐% ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱕᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱳᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱩᱸᱰᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱞᱥᱤᱱᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱣᱤᱰᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱞᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱚᱸᱫᱷ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱓]
ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
| Front | Back | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||||
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i | iː | y | yː | u | uː |
| Mid | e | eː | ø | øː | o | oː |
| Open | æ | æː | ɑ | ɑː | ||
ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱳᱠᱮᱞ (vowel) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱢᱤᱠ (phonemic) ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱩᱨ (bur) 'ᱛᱷᱨᱩᱥ' ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱵᱩᱡ (boor) ᱥᱮ ᱟᱞᱳᱯᱷᱳᱱᱤᱠ (allophonic) ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱳ (baaro) /ᱵᱟᱨᱳ (baro) 'ᱵᱤᱜᱽ' ᱾[᱔]
ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱙ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱫᱤᱯᱷᱛᱳᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱤᱯᱷᱛᱳᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱔][᱕]
| Diphthongs | Ending point | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front | Back | ||||
| Starting point | |||||
| Close | Front | unrounded | ie | iu | |
| rounded | yi | yø | |||
| Back | ui | uo | |||
| Mid | Front | unrounded | ei | eu | |
| rounded | øi | ||||
| Back | oi | ou | |||
| Open | Front | æi | |||
| Back | ɑi | ɑu | |||
ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱚᱱᱟᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱳᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ:[᱖][᱗]
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Postalveolar/ Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ||||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t̠ʃ | k | |
| voiceless aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||
| voiced | b | d | d̠ʒ | ɡ | ||
| Fricative | f | s | x | h | ||
| Approximant | ʋ | l | j | |||
| Trill | r | |||||
ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namede25 - ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Kalo Finnish Romani". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|chapterurl=ignored (help) - ↑ "Romanien oikeudet Göteborgissa". Archived from the original on 2023-02-05. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
- ↑ ᱔.᱐ ᱔.᱑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:0 - ↑ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Harvcoltxt
- ↑ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Harvcoltxt
- ↑ ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Harvcoltxt