ᱰᱚᱢ (ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ)

ᱰᱚᱢ ((Sanskrit: ᱰᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱩᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱱᱰᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱚᱢᱨᱟ, ᱰᱚᱢᱵᱟ ᱰᱚᱢᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱚᱢᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ,ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱰᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱷᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩ ᱨᱩ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱰᱳᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱩᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ^[᱑]^[᱒]ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱞᱤᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ।ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ, ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾^[᱓]^[᱔]^[᱕]^[᱖]^[᱗]

ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱤᱠ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱩᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱰᱳᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱢ.ᱯᱤ. ᱡᱳᱥᱤ (MP Joshi) ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱫᱩᱢᱟ (Duma) ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱽᱨᱩᱢ (drum) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾^[᱘]ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ, ᱫᱷᱳᱢ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ "ᱰᱨᱟᱢ" ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱰᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱢ- 'ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ (ᱰᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ) ', ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱨᱟᱵᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ: ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱰᱟ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱨᱟ 'ᱠᱮᱴᱞ-ᱰᱨᱚᱢᱥ' ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱴᱟᱢᱟ 'ᱰᱨᱚᱢ, ᱴᱚᱢᱴᱚᱢ'^[᱙]

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱰᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱳᱨᱠᱷᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱥᱴ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱰᱳᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱦᱩᱢ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱰᱚᱢᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱚᱡᱽᱯᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱞᱤᱴ ᱞᱤᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱩᱥᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱳᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱨᱤᱯᱷᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱴᱩᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱞᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ (ᱡᱚᱭᱱᱮᱭᱩ) ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱞᱮᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱛᱚᱨᱟᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱳᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱴᱤᱜᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ^[᱘]

Occupations[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱦᱩᱸᱡᱟ ᱣᱮᱞᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱤᱪᱚ , ᱰᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱷᱟᱱ ᱰᱚᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱰᱳᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱡᱚᱲ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱰᱳᱢ ᱦᱩᱸᱡᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱤᱡᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾^[᱑᱐]

ᱩᱛᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱱᱰ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱰᱳᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱚᱨᱟᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱯᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾^[᱘]

ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱰᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱷᱱᱟ ᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱡᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱷᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱢ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱷᱟᱸᱠ ᱨᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱜᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱪᱷᱩᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱑]

ᱪᱷᱟᱛᱤᱥᱜᱟᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱣᱟᱨᱟᱬᱥᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱢᱥ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

↑ Panchali Ray (2019). Politics of Precarity:Gendered Subjects and the Health Care Industry in Contemporary Kolkata. OUP India. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-19-909553-7.
↑ Robert E. Van Voorst (2018). RELG: WORLD. Cengage Learning. p. 85. ISBN 9781337671866.
↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Registrar General
↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Biharonlineportal
↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named West Bengal
↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named scstrti
↑ "Legal Database".
↑ ^᱘.᱐ ^᱘.᱑ ^᱘.᱒ Stefan Fiol (2017). Recasting Folk in the Himalayas: Indian Music, Media, and Social Mobility. University of Illinois Press. p. 51-53. ISBN 978-0252099786.
↑ T. Burrow and M.B. Emeneau, A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary 2nd ed. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984), p. 257, entry #2949.
↑ Disappearing peoples? : indigenous groups and ethnic minorities in South and Central Asia. Brower, Barbara Anne., Johnston, Barbara Rose. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press. 2007. ISBN 978-1-59874-726-3. OCLC 647914842.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Dom people ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Bengali Hindu people ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Scheduled Castes in West Bengal

[Panchali_Ray-1] Panchali Ray (2019). Politics of Precarity:Gendered Subjects and the Health Care Industry in Contemporary Kolkata. OUP India. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-19-909553-7.

[Robert_E._Van_Voorst-2] Robert E. Van Voorst (2018). RELG: WORLD. Cengage Learning. p. 85. ISBN 9781337671866.

[Registrar_General-3] ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Registrar General

[Biharonlineportal-4] ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Biharonlineportal

[West_Bengal-5] ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named West Bengal

[scstrti-6] ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named scstrti

[7] "Legal Database".

[University_of_Illinois_Press-8] ᱘.᱐ ^᱘.᱑ ^᱘.᱒ Stefan Fiol (2017). Recasting Folk in the Himalayas: Indian Music, Media, and Social Mobility. University of Illinois Press. p. 51-53. ISBN 978-0252099786.

[9] T. Burrow and M.B. Emeneau, A Dravidian Etymological Dictionary 2nd ed. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984), p. 257, entry #2949.

[10] Disappearing peoples? : indigenous groups and ethnic minorities in South and Central Asia. Brower, Barbara Anne., Johnston, Barbara Rose. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press. 2007. ISBN 978-1-59874-726-3. OCLC 647914842.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

[M.D._Publications_Pvt._Ltd.-11] ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd.

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