ᱜᱚᱣᱟᱨ-ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ

Gawar-Bati
Gawar-Bati
Narsati
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ	Pakistan, Afghanistan
ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ	Chitral, Kunar Province
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ	Expression error: ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱚᱜᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ "᱒".e25
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Dardic Kunar Gawar-Bati; ; ; ; ;
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ
ISO 639-3	gwt
ᱜᱞᱳᱴᱳᱞᱳᱜᱽ	gawa1247

ᱜᱚᱣᱟᱨ-ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱨᱥᱚᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱚᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱩᱭᱟᱭᱣᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱱᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱠᱚᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱣᱟᱨ-ᱵᱟᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱙,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱑,᱕᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱗,᱕᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱣᱟᱨ-ᱵᱟᱴᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ "ᱜᱚᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱠᱳᱯᱟᱨᱰᱳᱥ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱠᱩᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱜᱚᱣᱟᱨ-ᱵᱟ.ᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱨᱜᱮᱱᱥᱴᱟᱨᱱ (᱑᱙᱒᱖) ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱰᱮᱠᱟᱨ (᱑᱙᱙᱒) ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱨᱰᱤᱠ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱰᱟᱨᱰᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱡᱟ. ᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾^[᱒]

ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱣᱟᱨ-ᱵᱟᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ:^[᱓]

ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ"'

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i iː		u uː
Mid	(e) eː		(o) oː
Open		a aː

ᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ

		Labial	Coronal	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal		m	n	ɳ
Stop	voiceless	p	t	ʈ		k
	voiced	b	d	ɖ		ɡ
	aspirated	pʰ [pf f]	tʰ	ʈʰ		kʰ
Affricate	voiceless		ts	tʂ	tʃ
	voiced		dz	dʐ	dʒ
	aspirated		tsʰ	tʂʰ	tʃʰ
Fricative	voiceless		s	ʂ	ʃ	x	h
Fricative	voiced		z	ʐ	ʒ	ɣ
Approximant					j	w
Lateral	plain		l
Lateral	Fricative		ɬ ~ l̥
Rhotic			r	ɽ

ᱚᱨᱛᱷᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:^[᱔]

Letter	ا	ب	پ	ت	ٹ	ث	ج	چ	ح	خ	ڄ	ݮ	څ	ځ	د	ڈ	ذ	ر	ڑ	ز	ژ	ݫ	س
Transliteration	ā, Ø	b	p	t	ṭ	s	ǰ	č	h	x	c̣	j̣	c	j	d	ḍ	z	r	ṛ	z	ẓ	ž	s
IPA	[aː], Ø	[b]	[p]	[t]	[ʈ]	[s]	[d͡ʒ]	[t͡ʃ]	[h]	[x]	[ʈ͡ʂ]	[ɖ͡ʐ]	[t͡s]	[d͡z]	[d]	[ɖ]	[z]	[r~ɾ]	[ɽ]	[z]	[ʐ]	[ʒ]	[s]
Letter	ش	ݭ	ص	ض	ط	ظ	ع	غ	ف	ق	ک	گ	ل	ݪ	م	ن	ݨ	ں	ه	ء	و	ی	ے
Transliteration	š	ṣ	s	z	t	z	ʔ	ǧ	f	q	k	g	l	ł	m	n	ṇ	˜	h	ʔ	w, ū, o	y, ī	e
IPA	[ʃ]	[ʂ]	[s]	[z]	[t]	[z]	[ʔ]	[ɣ]	[f]	[q]	[k]	[ɡ]	[l]	[ɬ~l]	[m]	[n]	[ɳ]	[˜]	[h]	[ʔ]	[w], [uː], [oː]	[j], [iː]	[eː]
Letter	تھ	پھ	ٹھ	چھ	ڄھ	څھ	کھ	َ	ِ	ُ
Transliteration	th	ph	ṭh	čh	c̣h	ch	kh	a	i	u
IPA	[tʰ]	[pʰ]	[ʈʰ]	[t͡ʃʰ]	[ʈ͡ʂʰ]	[t͡sʰ]	[kʰ]	[a]	[i]	[u]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Gawar-Bati". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (help)
↑ Bashir, en:Elena Bashir (2007). Jain, Danesh; Cardona, George (eds.). The Indo-Aryan languages. p. 905. ISBN 978-0415772945. 'Dardic' is a geographic cover term for those Northwest Indo-Aryan languages which [..] developed new characteristics different from the IA languages of the Indo-Gangetic plain. Although the Dardic and Nuristani (previously 'Kafiri') languages were formerly grouped together, Morgenstierne (1965) has established that the Dardic languages are Indo-Aryan, and that the Nuristani languages constitute a separate subgroup of Indo-Iranian
↑ Edelman, D. I. (1983). The Dardic and Nuristani Languages. Moscow: Institut vostokovedenii︠a︡ (Akademii︠a︡ nauk SSSR). p. 139.
↑ "Archive copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 2023. Retrieved 27 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Gawar-Bati". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (help)

[2] Bashir, en:Elena Bashir (2007). Jain, Danesh; Cardona, George (eds.). The Indo-Aryan languages. p. 905. ISBN 978-0415772945. 'Dardic' is a geographic cover term for those Northwest Indo-Aryan languages which [..] developed new characteristics different from the IA languages of the Indo-Gangetic plain. Although the Dardic and Nuristani (previously 'Kafiri') languages were formerly grouped together, Morgenstierne (1965) has established that the Dardic languages are Indo-Aryan, and that the Nuristani languages constitute a separate subgroup of Indo-Iranian

[3] Edelman, D. I. (1983). The Dardic and Nuristani Languages. Moscow: Institut vostokovedenii︠a︡ (Akademii︠a︡ nauk SSSR). p. 139.

[4] "Archive copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 2023. Retrieved 27 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[᱑]

[᱒]

[᱓]

[᱔]