ᱢᱚᱜᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ

Mogao Caves
Mogao Caves
Native name 莫高窟
Location	Dunhuang, Gansu, China
Coordinates	40°02′14″N 94°48′15″E / 40.03722°N 94.80417°ECoordinates: 40°02′14″N 94°48′15″E / 40.03722°N 94.80417°E
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Type	Cultural
Criteria	i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi
Designated	1987 (11th session)
Reference no.	440
Region	Asia-Pacific
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ᱢᱚᱜᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱙᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱱᱦᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ 25 km (16 mi) ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱭᱮᱥᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱩᱱᱦᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ "ᱫᱩᱱᱦᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ" ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱩᱱᱦᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱥᱴ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ^[᱑] ᱱᱤᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱖᱖ ᱠᱷᱨᱤᱥᱴᱟᱵᱽᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ^[᱑]^[᱒] ᱢᱚᱜᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱥᱨ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱚᱝᱢᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ, ᱭᱩᱱᱜᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱭᱵᱨᱮᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱛ ᱚᱩᱨᱩᱱ ᱰᱚᱠᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱵᱮᱡᱤᱝ, ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ, ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱨᱞᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ .^[᱓]

ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚ ᱢᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱸᱛ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ^[᱔] ᱢᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱳ ᱛᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱤᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱢᱟᱜᱟᱣ (ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Zh) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ^[᱕] ᱢᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱳ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱛᱩᱲᱚᱱᱤᱭᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱡᱠᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ "ᱢᱚ" ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱚᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ" ᱟᱨ "ᱜᱟᱣ" ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱩᱥᱩᱞ" ᱾ ^[᱖]^[᱗] ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ "ᱵᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ" ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱜ-ᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ "ᱢᱚ" ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱚᱛ ᱾ ^[᱘] ᱢᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱩᱱᱦᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ (莫高镇).^[᱙]^[᱑᱐] ᱫᱩᱱᱦᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱜᱤᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱜᱨᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱢᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱫᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ "ᱡᱷᱟᱞᱠᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱯ" ᱾ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱢᱟᱫᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱠᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ^[᱑᱑] ᱫᱩᱱᱦᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱩᱱᱦᱩᱣᱟᱝ ᱤᱞᱟᱹᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱜ-ᱟ ᱾^[᱑᱒]

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ

ᱯᱷᱚᱴᱚ ᱜᱮᱞᱮᱨᱤ

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ ^᱑.᱐ ^᱑.᱑ "Mogao Caves". UNESCO. Retrieved 2007-08-05.
↑ Zhang Wenbin
↑ Makinen, Julie (September 27, 2014) "Getty Institute helps save China's Mogao Grottoes from tourism's impact" Los Angeles Times
↑ Chung 1994, pp. 29–30.
↑ Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places. Routledge. 13 June 1996. p. 242. ISBN 978-1884964046. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (help)
↑ Riefe, Jordan (13 May 2016). "Artifacts from ancient Chinese cave temples head west for California exhibit". The Guardian.
↑ Roderick Whitfield, Susan Whitfield, Neville Agnew (29 September 2015). "Cave Temples of Mogao at Dunhuang: Art History on the Silk Road: Second Edition" (2nd ed.). Getty Publications. p. 55. ISBN 978-1606064450.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
↑ McPherson, Naomi (1998). Frescoes and Fables: Mural Stories from the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. New World Press. p. 14. ISBN 9787800054006.
↑ 敦煌市历史沿革 [Dunhuang City Historical Development] (in Chinese). XZQH.org. 27 June 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2018. 莫高镇{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ 2016年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：敦煌市 [2016 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Duhuang City] (in ᱟᱞᱜᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2018. 莫高镇
↑ Agnew, Neville; Reed, Marcia; Ball, Tevvy (2016-05-07). Cave Temples of Dunhuang. p. 87. ISBN 9781606064894.
↑ Rong, Xinjiang (2013-06-07). Eighteen Lectures on Dunhuang. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 427. ISBN 9789004252332.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

Dunhuang Academy
A large collections of images of murals and other artifacts from the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang Archived ᱒᱐᱐᱘-᱐᱓-᱐᱑ at the Wayback Machine.
International Dunhuang Project Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱑-᱐᱗-᱒᱐ at the Wayback Machine.
Mogao caves video
Harvard Art Museums, some murals and a statue removed from Dunhuang by Langdon Warner
British Museum The cave-temples at Dunhuang
Wisdom embodied: Chinese Buddhist and Daoist sculpture in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, a collection catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on the Mogao Caves

[unesco-1] ᱑.᱐ ^᱑.᱑ "Mogao Caves". UNESCO. Retrieved 2007-08-05.

[2] Zhang Wenbin

[LAT-3] Makinen, Julie (September 27, 2014) "Getty Institute helps save China's Mogao Grottoes from tourism's impact" Los Angeles Times

[FOOTNOTEChung199429&ndash;30-4] Chung 1994, pp. 29–30.

[5] Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places. Routledge. 13 June 1996. p. 242. ISBN 978-1884964046. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (help)

[6] Riefe, Jordan (13 May 2016). "Artifacts from ancient Chinese cave temples head west for California exhibit". The Guardian.

[7] Roderick Whitfield, Susan Whitfield, Neville Agnew (29 September 2015). "Cave Temples of Mogao at Dunhuang: Art History on the Silk Road: Second Edition" (2nd ed.). Getty Publications. p. 55. ISBN 978-1606064450.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

[8] McPherson, Naomi (1998). Frescoes and Fables: Mural Stories from the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. New World Press. p. 14. ISBN 9787800054006.

[xzqhdh-9] 敦煌市历史沿革 [Dunhuang City Historical Development] (in Chinese). XZQH.org. 27 June 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2018. 莫高镇{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[statsdh-10] 2016年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：敦煌市 [2016 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Duhuang City] (in ᱟᱞᱜᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2018. 莫高镇

[11] Agnew, Neville; Reed, Marcia; Ball, Tevvy (2016-05-07). Cave Temples of Dunhuang. p. 87. ISBN 9781606064894.

[12] Rong, Xinjiang (2013-06-07). Eighteen Lectures on Dunhuang. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 427. ISBN 9789004252332.

[᱑]

[᱒]

[᱓]

[᱔]

[᱕]

[᱖]

[᱗]

[᱘]

[᱙]

[᱑᱐]

[᱑᱑]

[᱑᱒]