ᱢᱮᱜᱫᱟᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ
| ᱢᱮᱜᱫᱟᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ | |
|---|---|
 ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱨᱮ | |
| ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ | ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱟ ᱢᱮᱜᱫᱟᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱓᱐ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱮᱱᱴᱤ, ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ |
| ᱜᱩᱨ | ᱒᱐ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ (᱘᱖ ᱵᱚᱭᱚᱥ) ᱣᱟᱨᱥᱚᱣ, ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ |
| ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ | ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ |
| ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ | ᱣᱟᱨᱥᱚᱣ ᱟᱠᱮᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ |
| ᱧᱩᱢᱱᱟᱢ | |
| ᱧᱩᱢᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ | ᱚᱜᱚᱨᱟ (ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ) (2006) Birds of Knowledge of Good and Evil (2001) |
| ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣᱱᱟ | ᱯᱚᱥᱴᱢᱤᱱᱤᱢᱟᱞᱤᱡᱢ |
| ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ | Herder Prize (1979),Leonardo da Vinci World Award of Arts (1999) |
ᱢᱮᱜᱫᱟᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ (20 ᱡᱩᱱ 1930ᱼ20 ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ 2017) ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱥ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱶᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ, ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱥᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾[᱑][᱒] 1965 ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 1990 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱮᱡᱱᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱷᱮᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱤᱭᱳ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ 1984 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱥ ᱮᱱᱡᱮᱞᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱮᱞᱯᱷᱟᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱤᱡᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾[᱓]
ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱮᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱡᱩᱭᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱞᱚᱯᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱚᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱠ 1950 ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 1954 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱥᱳᱯᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱤᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱫᱟᱰᱤᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱦᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱭᱚᱥᱛᱤᱛ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱩᱫᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
1956 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱥ ᱚᱠᱴᱳᱵᱚᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱴᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ 1950 ᱥᱚᱛᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ 1960 ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ, ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ 1960 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱨᱰᱮᱜᱟᱨᱰᱟ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱥᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ 1962 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱳᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱵᱤᱱᱮᱞ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱮᱞ ᱰᱮ ᱞᱮ ᱴᱮᱯᱤᱥᱮᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱚ 1960 ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱼᱢᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ 1970 ᱟᱨ 1980 ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱳᱭᱟᱰ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱚᱛᱷᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱮᱥᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱜᱳ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱜᱳᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱞᱳᱣᱟᱠᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱰᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱱᱟᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱜᱳᱰ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱮᱵᱷᱤᱞ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱢᱮᱜᱰᱟᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ (ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱳᱥᱢᱳᱥᱠᱟ)ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱮᱱᱤ ᱟᱛᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱡᱩᱭᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱦᱮᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱰᱳᱢᱟᱥᱡᱤᱭᱩᱥᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱜᱟᱹᱫᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱹᱫᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱠᱳᱱᱥᱴᱟᱱᱴᱤ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱳᱞᱳᱱᱤᱡᱰ ᱞᱤᱯᱠᱟ ᱛᱚᱛᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ 13 ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱫᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱳᱝᱜᱳᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱔] ᱚᱠᱴᱳᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱥᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱶᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱥᱚᱛᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱕]
ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ,ᱱᱟᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱨᱯᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱨᱥᱳᱯᱳᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾[᱔] ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱥᱯᱟᱛᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱨᱥ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾[᱔] ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱫᱟᱱᱥᱠ ᱥᱳᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱴᱪᱮᱡᱤᱭᱩ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱠ 1945 ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 1947 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱴᱪᱮᱡᱤᱭᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱭᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱥᱡᱴᱩᱠ ᱯᱞᱟᱥᱴᱤᱠᱡᱤᱱᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱰᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ 1949 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱞᱤᱥᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱚᱭᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱥᱳᱯᱟᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱟᱫᱟᱰᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱖] 1950 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ,[᱗] ᱟᱵᱟᱠᱟᱱᱳᱵᱷᱤᱠᱡᱽ ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱫᱟᱰᱤᱢᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾[᱘][᱖] ᱮᱠᱟᱫᱟᱰᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱡᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱯᱤᱹᱮᱪᱹᱰᱤᱹ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱞᱟᱹᱭ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
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ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
- ↑ Grimes, William (2017-04-21). "Magdalena Abakanowicz, Sculptor of Brooding Forms, Dies at 86". The New York Times (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
- ↑ Greenberger, Alex (2017-04-21). "Magdalena Abakanowicz, Whose Poetic Sculptures Wrestle with the Trauma of World War II, Dies at 86". ARTnews.com (in ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱤ). Retrieved 2024-01-31.
- ↑ Muchnic, Suzanne (March 25, 2001). "She's Turned Her Backs on the World". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
- ↑ ᱔.᱐ ᱔.᱑ ᱔.᱒ Milofsky, Leslie (1987). "Magdalena Abakanowicz". Feminist Studies. 13 (2): 363–378. doi:10.2307/3177807. JSTOR 3177807. ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Inglot, p. 12.
- ↑ ᱖.᱐ ᱖.᱑ Grimes, William (April 21, 2017). "Magdalena Abakanowicz, Sculptor of Brooding Forms, Dies at 86". New York Times. Retrieved 2017-08-13.
- ↑ Inglot, p. 28. Inglot characterizes the Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts as "the most important training center for young artists" in Poland at that time.
- ↑ "Shifting the paradigm, women's art 1970-1996: Magdalena Abakanowicz, Mary Beth Edelson, Janet Fish, Agnes Martin, Pat Steir, Carrie Mae Weems". Original Visions. McMullen Museum of Art. June 1997.
- ↑ "Resist/Release". Nasher Sculpture Center.