ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ

ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ
*Lietuvos Respublika* (Lithuanian)
ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ Lietuvos Respublika (Lithuanian)
	ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱱᱮᱨᱮᱧ: Tautiška giesmė; (English: "National Hymn") ;
	[[File: \|250px \|center \|alt=\|Lithuania ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱞᱪᱟᱞ]] Location of ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ (dark green) – in Europe (green & dark grey); – in the European Union (green) – [Legend]
ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ; (and largest city)	Vilnius
ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ	Lithuanian
Regional	Polish, Russian
ᱡᱟᱹᱛ (census 2019)	86.4% Lithuanians; 5.7% Poles; 4.5% Russians; 1.5% Belarusians; 1.0% Ukrainians; 0.9% other;
ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ	Lithuanian
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ	Unitary semi-presidential republic
ᱞᱮᱡᱤᱥᱞᱟᱪᱚᱨ	Seimas
Formation
ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ
ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ
ᱡᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱯᱤ (ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ)	2020 ᱯᱟᱭᱛᱟᱨ
ᱡᱤ.ᱰᱤ.ᱯᱤ (ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ)	2020 ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱚᱝ
ᱡᱤᱱᱤ (2019)	35.4
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱩᱜ (2018)	0.869 (34th)
ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ	Euro (€) (EUR)
ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ	EET (ᱭᱩᱴᱤᱥᱤ+2)
ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ	yyyy-mm-dd (CE)
ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱢᱮ	right
ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱴᱤᱹᱮᱞᱹᱰᱤᱹ	.lta
	ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ; www.lietuva.lt
ᱯᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ	+370

Coordinates: 55°N 24°E / 55°N 24°E / 55; 24

ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ( /ˌlɪθjuˈeɪniə/ ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ: Lietuva) ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤ ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱞᱴᱤᱠ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱞᱴᱤᱠ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱣᱤᱰᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱱᱢᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱛᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ‌ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱜᱟ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱱᱤᱱᱜᱽᱨᱟᱫᱽ ᱳᱵᱞᱟᱥᱴ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱤᱥᱟᱹᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱒᱘ ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱤᱞᱱᱤᱭᱟᱥ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱣᱱᱟᱥ, ᱠᱞᱟᱭᱯᱮᱫᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱞᱴᱤᱠ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱾

ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ

ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ

ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ

ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ

ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ

ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

Government

The Lithuanian President – Official site of the President of the Republic of Lithuania
The Lithuanian Parliament – Official site of the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania
The Lithuanian Government – Official site of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania
Statistics Lithuania – Official site of Department of Statistics to the Government of Lithuania
Lithuanian State Department of Tourism – Official site of State Department of Tourism
Lithuania – Real is Beautiful Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱙-᱑᱒-᱐᱗ at the Wayback Machine. – The Official Travel Guide by the State Department of Tourism

General information

The Baltic States and geopolitics
Lithuania Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱑-᱐᱖-᱐᱒ at the Wayback Machine. – Lithuanian internet gates
"Lithuania". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
Lithuania. CIA Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments Archived ᱒᱐᱒᱐-᱑᱐-᱑᱖ at the Wayback Machine.
Lithuania from UCB Libraries GovPubs
ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ at Curlie
Lithuania from the BBC News
Wikimedia Atlas of Lithuania

Other

Key Development Forecasts for Lithuania from International Futures
Heraldry of Lithuania
Geographic data related to ᱞᱤᱛᱷᱩᱣᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ at OpenStreetMap

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ "Lithuania's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2019" (PDF). Constitute Project.
↑ "Ethnicity, mother tongue and religion". Official Statistics Portal. Statistics Lithuania. 12 December 2019. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
↑ Kulikauskienė, Lina (2002). Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija [The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania] (in Lithuanian). Native History, CD. ISBN 978-9986-9216-7-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ Veser, Ernst (23 September 1997). "Semi-Presidentialism-Duverger's Concept – A New Political System Model" (PDF) (in English and Chinese). Department of Education, School of Education, University of Cologne. pp. 39–60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2017. Duhamel has developed the approach further: He stresses that the French construction does not correspond to either parliamentary or the presidential form of government, and then develops the distinction of 'système politique' and 'régime constitutionnel'. While the former comprises the exercise of power that results from the dominant institutional practice, the latter is the totality of the rules for the dominant institutional practice of the power. In this way, France appears as 'presidentialist system' endowed with a 'semi-presidential regime' (1983: 587). By this standard he recognizes Duverger's pléiade as semi-presidential regimes, as well as Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and Lithuania (1993: 87).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
↑ Shugart, Matthew Søberg (September 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies. United States: University of California, San Diego. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2008. Retrieved 23 August 2017. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
↑ Shugart, Matthew Søberg (December 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). French Politics. Palgrave Macmillan Journals. 3 (3): 323–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 August 2017. A pattern similar to the French case of compatible majorities alternating with periods of cohabitation emerged in Lithuania, where Talat-Kelpsa (2001) notes that the ability of the Lithuanian president to influence government formation and policy declined abruptly when he lost the sympathetic majority in parliament. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
↑ "Pradžia – Oficialiosios statistikos portalas". osp.stat.gov.lt.
↑ ^᱘.᱐ ^᱘.᱑ ^᱘.᱒ ^᱘.᱓ "Lithuania". International Monetary Fund.

[1] "Lithuania's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2019" (PDF). Constitute Project.

[2019a-2] "Ethnicity, mother tongue and religion". Official Statistics Portal. Statistics Lithuania. 12 December 2019. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2018.

[Lina-3] Kulikauskienė, Lina (2002). Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija [The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania] (in Lithuanian). Native History, CD. ISBN 978-9986-9216-7-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[4] Veser, Ernst (23 September 1997). "Semi-Presidentialism-Duverger's Concept – A New Political System Model" (PDF) (in English and Chinese). Department of Education, School of Education, University of Cologne. pp. 39–60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 23 August 2017. Duhamel has developed the approach further: He stresses that the French construction does not correspond to either parliamentary or the presidential form of government, and then develops the distinction of 'système politique' and 'régime constitutionnel'. While the former comprises the exercise of power that results from the dominant institutional practice, the latter is the totality of the rules for the dominant institutional practice of the power. In this way, France appears as 'presidentialist system' endowed with a 'semi-presidential regime' (1983: 587). By this standard he recognizes Duverger's pléiade as semi-presidential regimes, as well as Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and Lithuania (1993: 87).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[Draft-5] Shugart, Matthew Søberg (September 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies. United States: University of California, San Diego. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2008. Retrieved 23 August 2017. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

[Dual-6] Shugart, Matthew Søberg (December 2005). "Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns" (PDF). French Politics. Palgrave Macmillan Journals. 3 (3): 323–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 August 2017. A pattern similar to the French case of compatible majorities alternating with periods of cohabitation emerged in Lithuania, where Talat-Kelpsa (2001) notes that the ability of the Lithuanian president to influence government formation and policy declined abruptly when he lost the sympathetic majority in parliament. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

[7] "Pradžia – Oficialiosios statistikos portalas". osp.stat.gov.lt.

[imf2-8] ᱘.᱐ ^᱘.᱑ ^᱘.᱒ ^᱘.᱓ "Lithuania". International Monetary Fund.

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