ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ

ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ
ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ
客家話 / 客家话; Hak-kâ-fa
	ᱦᱟᱠ-ᱠᱟ-ᱯᱷᱟ/ᱦᱟᱠ-ᱠᱟ-ᱵᱷᱟ (Hakka/Kejia) ᱚᱞ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱷᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ	ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱪᱤᱱ, ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ, ᱢᱟᱠᱟᱣ, ᱛᱟᱭᱣᱟᱱ
ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ	ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱪᱤᱱ: ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱝᱰᱚᱝ, ᱯᱷᱩᱡᱤᱭᱟᱝ, ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱝᱥᱤ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱤᱪᱩᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ; ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ: ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ (older generations since younger Hakkas mostly speak Cantonese due to language shift and social assimilation)
ᱡᱟᱹᱛ	ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ	᱔᱗.᱘ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱒᱐᱐᱗)
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ	ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱼᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ; ;
ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ	ᱦᱟᱱᱡᱤ, romanization
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ
ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ	ᱛᱟᱭᱣᱟᱱ
ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ; ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ	Taiwan (ᱦᱮᱡᱽᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ; ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱟᱱ)
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ
ISO 639-3	hak
ᱜᱞᱳᱴᱳᱞᱳᱜᱽ	hakk1236
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ	79-AAA-g > 79-AAA-ga (+ 79-AAA-gb transition to 79-AAA-h)
	This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ, ᱛᱟᱭᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱮᱠᱳᱨᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱼᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱪᱤᱱ, ᱛᱟᱭᱣᱟᱱ, ᱦᱚᱝᱠᱚᱝ, ᱢᱟᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ

ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ

ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ

ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

Hashimoto, Mantaro J. (2010). The Hakka Dialect: A Linguistic Study of Its Phonology, Syntax and Lexicon. Princeton/Cambridge Studies in Chinese Linguistics. Vol. 5. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-13367-8.
O'Connor, Kevin A. (1976). "Proto-Hakka". Ajia Afurika Gengo Bunka Kenkyū / Journal of Asia and Africa Studies. 11 (1): 1–64.
Sagart, Laurent (1998). "On distinguishing Hakka and non-Hakka dialects". Journal of Chinese Linguistics. 26 (2): 281–302. JSTOR 23756757.
——— (2002). "Gan, Hakka and the Formation of Chinese Dialects" (PDF). In Ho, Dah-an (ed.). Dialect Variations in Chinese. Taipei: Academia Sinica. pp. 129–154. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-08-14. Retrieved 2021-01-09.
Schaank, Simon Hartwich (1897). Het Loeh-foeng-dialect (in ᱰᱚᱪ). Leiden: E.J. Brill. Retrieved 11 February 2015.

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

↑ ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)
↑ Hakka was written in Chinese characters by missionaries around the turn of the 20th century.[᱑] Archived ᱒᱐᱐᱔-᱐᱘-᱒᱒ at the Wayback Machine.
↑ "Draft national language development act clears legislative floor". focustaiwan.tw.
↑ Article 6 of the Standards for Identification of Basic Language Abilities and General Knowledge of the Rights and Duties of Naturalized Citizens Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱗-᱐᱗-᱒᱕ at the Wayback Machine.
↑ [᱒]
↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Hakka Chinese". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (help)

ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:<ref> tags exist for a group named "lower-alpha", but no corresponding <references group="lower-alpha"/> tag was found

[e19-1] ᱦᱟᱠᱠᱟ at Ethnologue (19th ed., 2016)

[2] Hakka was written in Chinese characters by missionaries around the turn of the 20th century.[᱑] Archived ᱒᱐᱐᱔-᱐᱘-᱒᱒ at the Wayback Machine.

[3] "Draft national language development act clears legislative floor". focustaiwan.tw.

[4] Article 6 of the Standards for Identification of Basic Language Abilities and General Knowledge of the Rights and Duties of Naturalized Citizens Archived ᱒᱐᱑᱗-᱐᱗-᱒᱕ at the Wayback Machine.

[6] [᱒]

[Glottolog-7] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Hakka Chinese". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (help)

[᱑]

[᱒]

[lower-alpha ᱑]

[᱕]

[᱖]