ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ

ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ
ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱨ	Pre-colonial era: Eurasia Today: Worldwide ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱜᱩᱴᱤ 3.2 billion native speakers
ᱯᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ	One of the world's primary language families
ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱳᱼᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ	Proto-Indo-European
ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ	Albanian Armenian Balto-Slavic (Baltic and Slavic languages) Celtic Germanic Hellenic Indo-Iranian (Indo-Aryan, Iranian, and Nuristani) Italic (including Romance languages) Anatolian † Illyrian †(?) Daco-Thracian †(?) Tocharian † Phrygian †
ᱟᱭᱮᱥᱳ ᱖᱓᱙ᱼ᱒ / ᱕	ine
ᱜᱞᱚᱴᱴᱚᱞᱚᱜᱽ	indo1319
ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ‌ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ‌‌ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ‌ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ   ᱮᱞᱵᱟᱱᱤᱭᱚ   ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱚ   ᱵᱟᱞᱛᱳᱼᱥᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤᱠ (ᱵᱟᱞᱛᱤᱠ)   ᱵᱟᱞᱛᱳᱼᱥᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤᱠ (ᱥᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤᱠ)   ᱥᱮᱞᱴᱤᱠ   ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ   ᱜᱨᱤᱠ   ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ (ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ, ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱨᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ)   ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ   ᱱᱚᱱ ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ Dotted/striped areas indicate where multilingualism is common
ᱱᱳᱴ ᱠᱚ	Italicized branches mean only one extant language of the branch remains † indicates this branch of the language family is extinct

ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱭᱩᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱚᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ, ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱛᱳᱼᱥᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤᱠ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ, ᱥᱯᱮᱱᱤᱥ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ (ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ/ᱩᱨᱫᱩ), ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ, ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱥ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ, ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ, ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ, ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱨᱚᱲᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱔᱖% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾

ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ

ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ

ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

Library resources about ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ

Online books Resources in your library Resources in other libraries

Databases

• Dyen, Isidore; Kruskal, Joseph; Black, Paul (1997). "Comparative Indo-European". wordgumbo. Retrieved 13 December 2009.
• "Indo-European". LLOW Languages of the World. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2009.
• "Indo-European Documentation Center". Linguistics Research Center, University of Texas at Austin. 2009. Archived from the original on 3 September 2009. Retrieved 14 December 2009.
• Lewis, M. Paul, ed. (2009). "Language Family Trees: Indo-European". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Online version (Sixteenth ed.). Dallas, Tex.: SIL International..
• "Thesaurus Indogermanischer Text- und Sprachmaterialien: TITUS" (in German). TITUS, University of Frankfurt. 2003. Retrieved 13 December 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
• "Indo-European Lexical Cognacy Database (IELex)". Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen. Archived from the original on 2015-11-07. Retrieved 2020-08-27.

Lexica

• "Indo-European Etymological Dictionary (IEED)". Leiden, Netherlands: Department of Comparative Indo-European Linguistics, Leiden University. Archived from the original on 7 February 2006. Retrieved 14 December 2009.
• "Indo-European Roots Index". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (Fourth ed.). Internet Archive: Wayback Machine. August 22, 2008 [2000]. Archived from the original on February 17, 2009. Retrieved 9 December 2009.
• Köbler, Gerhard (2014). Indogermanisches Wörterbuch (in German) (5th ed.). Gerhard Köbler. Retrieved 29 March 2015.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
• Schalin, Johan (2009). "Lexicon of Early Indo-European Loanwords Preserved in Finnish". Johan Schalin. Retrieved 9 December 2009.