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ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ

ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱠᱩ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ
ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ
ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ
ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥ
ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ
ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
ᱠᱟᱯᱟᱞᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ
ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱞᱩᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱳᱴᱟᱢ
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ
ᱠᱟᱴᱷᱤᱯᱟᱨᱟ ᱯᱷᱞᱟᱭᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨ
ᱨᱤᱯᱳᱱ ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱱ
ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱱᱟ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱲᱮ
Coat of arms of ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ
Coat of arms
Map
Map
Map
Coordinates: ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Wikidatacoord
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ
ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ[lower-alpha ᱑]
ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ᱑᱖᱓᱙
ᱧᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ
[lower-alpha ᱒]
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ
 • ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
 • ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣᱜᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
 • ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨᱯᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱱ
 • ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱡᱮ. ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱜᱩᱨᱩᱵᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱭᱤᱮᱮᱥ
ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ [᱑]
 • ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ426 ᱠᱤᱢᱤ২ (164 ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ)
 • ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ[᱒][lower-alpha ᱑]5904 ᱠᱤᱢᱤ২ (2280 ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ)
ᱩᱥᱩᱞ7 ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (23 ᱯᱷᱩᱴ)
ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ(᱒᱐᱑᱑)[᱓][᱔]
 • ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ᱖,᱗᱔᱘,᱐᱒᱖
 • ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱞ᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ
 • ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ16000/ᱠᱤᱢᱤ2 (41000/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱹᱭᱤᱞ)
 • ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ᱘,᱖᱙᱖,᱐᱑᱐
 • ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ᱔ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ
Demonym(s)ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭᱛᱮ
ᱡᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ (᱒᱐᱒᱒–᱒᱓)
 • ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ [lower-alpha ᱓]$143.9 billion[᱕][᱖]
IST (ᱭᱩᱴᱤᱥᱤ+᱐᱕:᱓᱐)
ᱯᱤᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ᱖᱐᱐xxx
ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱳᱰ(ᱠᱚ)+91-44
ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱤᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤTN-01 to TN-14, TN-18, TN-22, TN-85
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ, ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ
ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴchennaicorporation.gov.in

ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ,[lower-alpha ᱔] ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥ[lower-alpha ᱕] (᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱨᱳᱢᱚᱱᱰᱚᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱖᱘᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ, ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱱᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱳᱞ, ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱭᱟ, ᱯᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱯᱟ ᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱛ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱢᱚᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥᱯᱚᱛᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱯᱯᱟ ᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱠᱮᱴ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱑᱖᱓᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱑][᱑᱒] ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱖᱓᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥᱤᱥ ᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱓] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖᱔᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱠᱮᱥᱚᱵᱽ ᱯᱮᱨᱩᱢᱚᱞ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱔][᱑᱑]

ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱕][᱑᱖][᱑᱗]

ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱘] "ᱢᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟᱥ" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱙]

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱞᱞᱟᱵᱚᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱟᱨᱠᱤᱭᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱳᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱟᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ (ASI) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱟᱞᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱜᱽᱞᱤᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱟᱭ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱒᱐]

ᱥᱟᱪᱟᱨᱦᱮ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱞᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ

ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖.᱗ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱒᱒ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱒᱐᱐ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱒᱑][᱒᱒]

ᱰᱮᱢᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠᱥ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱑][᱓᱒] ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱗᱔ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱖᱗ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱔,᱖᱔᱖,᱗᱓᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱓] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱒᱖ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱑᱖᱔ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱖,᱗᱔᱘,᱐᱒᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱐][᱑][᱓᱔] ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ, ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱑.᱗᱘᱘ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱐% ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱕] ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ, ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱒.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱔᱐% ᱵᱟᱥᱤᱱᱫᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱖] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑,᱑᱓᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱩᱜᱟᱹᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾[᱓᱗]

ᱱᱳᱴᱥ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  1. ↑ ᱑.᱐ ᱑.᱑ The Chennai Metropolitan Area also includes portions of Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu, Tiruvallur districts adjoining the Chennai District
  2. ↑ There is a disagreement among scholars as to the origin of the first use of the name.
  3. ↑ The GDP numbers are projected numbers at current prices and correspond to the pre-expansion city limits.
  4. ↑ /ˈtʃɛnaɪ/; ta, ISO: Ceṉṉai
  5. ↑ /məˈdrɑːs/ or /ʔˈdræs/[᱑᱐]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  1. ↑ ᱑.᱐ ᱑.᱑ "Chennai city just got bigger". The Times of India. 30 December 2009. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  2. ↑ "CMDA, about us". CMDA. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  3. ↑ Cities having population 1 Lakh and above (PDF) (Report). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India. 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
  4. ↑ Census 2011: Population of cities in India (Report). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  5. ↑ "Chennai - C40 Cities". C40 Group. Retrieved 11 July 2024.
  6. ↑ District Income estimates (Report). Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 1 December 2024.
  7. ↑ Sharma, Reetu (23 August 2014). "Chennai turns 375: Things you should know about 'Gateway to South India'". One India. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
  8. ↑ Business America. U.S. Department of Commerce. 1997. p. 14. Archived from the original on 29 June 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  9. ↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named HC
  10. ↑ Jones, Daniel (2003) [1917], Roach, Peter; Hartmann, James; Setter, Jane (eds.), English Pronouncing Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 3-12-539683-2
  11. ↑ ᱑᱑.᱐ ᱑᱑.᱑ "History | Chennai District | India". 9 December 2023. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023.
  12. ↑ Srinivasachari, C S (1939). History of the City of Madrae. P Varadachary and co. pp. 63–69. Retrieved 27 November 2023 – via Government of Tamil Nadu.
  13. ↑ Muthiah, S. (4 March 2012). "The 'Town Temple' resurrected". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 7 March 2012.
  14. ↑ S. Muthiah (2008). Madras, Chennai: A 400-year Record of the First City of Modern India. Palaniappa Brothers. ISBN 978-81-8379-468-8. Archived from the original on 29 June 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
  15. ↑ "Which came first — Madras or Chennai?". The Hindu. 3 September 2025. Retrieved 25 September 2025.
  16. ↑ "When 'Madras' was inscribed in history 652 years ago". The Times of India. 22 July 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2025.
  17. ↑ Krishnamachari, Suganthy (21 August 2014). "Madras is not alien". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 19 January 2021.
  18. ↑ "Madras' 384th anniversary: The making of Madras". The New Indian Express. 22 August 2023. Archived from the original on 28 November 2023. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
  19. ↑ "Madras nalla Madras!". The Hindu. 9 April 2012. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  20. ↑ "Road workers stumble upon ancient grinding stone in Pallavaram". The Times of India. 19 September 2010. Archived from the original on 7 April 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  21. ↑ Human Development Report, Chennai (PDF) (Report). Government of Tamil Nadu. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
  22. ↑ Pulikesi, M; P. Baskaralingam; D. Elango; V.N. Rayudu; V. Ramamurthi; S. Sivanesan (25 August 2006). "Air quality monitoring in Chennai, India, in the summer of 2005". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 136 (3): 589–596. Bibcode:2006JHzM..136..589P. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.12.039. ISSN 0304-3894. PMID 16442714. Chennai is fairly low–lying, its highest point being only 300 m (980 ft) above sea level is a rugged barren hill opposite to the Airport called Pallavapuram Hill.
  23. ↑ H. D. Love (1913). "Population of Madras". Vestiges of Old Madras, Vol 3. p. 557.
  24. ↑ Imperial Gazetter of India, Volume 16. Clarendon Press. 1908.
  25. ↑ Mary Elizabeth Hancock (2008). The politics of heritage from Madras to Chennai. Indiana University Press. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-253-35223-1.
  26. ↑ Muthiah, S. (2004). Madras Rediscovered. East West Books (Madras) Pvt Ltd. p. 22. ISBN 81-88661-24-4.
  27. ↑ Srivastava, Sangya (2005). Studies in Demography. Anmol Publications PVT. LTD. p. 251. ISBN 978-81-261-1992-9.
  28. ↑ Statistical handbook 2017 – 2018 (PDF) (Report). Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  29. ↑ 2011 Census results (PDF) (Report). Government of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  30. ↑ ᱓᱐.᱐ ᱓᱐.᱑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Cpop
  31. ↑ Lakshmi, C. S. (1 January 2004). The Unhurried City: Writings on Chennai. Penguin Books. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-143-03026-3. Archived from the original on 29 June 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
  32. ↑ Bergman (2003). Introduction to Geography. Pearson Education. p. 485. ISBN 978-8-131-70210-9. Archived from the original on 29 June 2024. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
  33. ↑ Smart Cities Mission (PDF) (Report). Government of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  34. ↑ "Chennai Corporation is re-christened Greater Chennai Corporation". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
  35. ↑ "Number of people below the poverty line to increase in city". The Hindu. Chennai. 13 May 2019. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  36. ↑ Xavier Lopez, Aloysius (26 August 2017). "The shelter stalemate". The Hindu. Chennai. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
  37. ↑ Slum Clearance plan (PDF) (Report). Government of Tamil Nadu. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
"https://sat.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ&oldid=181644" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭ