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ᱠᱚᱪᱤ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ, ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ
ᱠᱚᱪᱤ
ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ
ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ
Clockwise from top: Marine Drive Skyline, Chinese Fishing Nets at Fort Kochi, Cochin Shipyard, Queen's Way, Hill Palace, InfoPark
Clockwise from top: Marine Drive Skyline, Chinese Fishing Nets at Fort Kochi, Cochin Shipyard, Queen's Way, Hill Palace, InfoPark
ᱵᱟᱦᱱᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ: 
Queen of the Arabian Sea[᱑][᱒]
ᱠᱚᱪᱤ is located in India
ᱠᱚᱪᱤ
ᱠᱚᱪᱤ
ᱠᱳᱣᱚᱨᱰᱤᱱᱮᱴᱥ: 9°58′N 76°17′E / 9.97°N 76.28°E / 9.97; 76.28Coordinates: 9°58′N 76°17′E / 9.97°N 76.28°E / 9.97; 76.28
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ
ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛᱮᱨᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞᱚᱢ
Formed᱑ ᱟᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱕᱘[᱓]
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ
 • ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
 • ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱛᱷᱟᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
 • ᱢᱮᱭᱟᱨᱮᱢ ᱟᱱᱤᱞᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ (CPI(M))
 • ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱚᱨᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱥᱟᱠᱷᱟᱨᱮ IPS
ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ
[᱔]
 • ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ
94.88 ᱠᱤᱢᱤ২ (36.63 ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ)
 • ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ
[᱕]
440 ᱠᱤᱢᱤ২ (170 ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ)
ᱩᱥᱩᱞ
0 ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (0 ᱯᱷᱩᱴ)
ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
 (᱒᱐᱑᱑)[᱔]
 • ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ
᱖᱗᱗᱓᱗᱑
 • ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ7100/ᱠᱤᱢᱤ2 (18000/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱟᱹᱭᱤᱞ)
 • ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ
[᱖]
᱒᱑᱑᱙᱗᱒᱔
ᱦᱚᱦᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱᱤᱛᱮ[᱗][᱘]
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
 • ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱢᱚᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ, ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ
ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱭᱩ.ᱴᱤ.ᱥᱤ+5:30 (IST)
PIN code(s)
᱖᱘᱒ XXX, ᱖᱘᱓ XXX
ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱳᱰ+᱙᱑-᱔᱘᱔
ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱKL-7, KL-39, KL-41, KL-42, KL-43, KL-63
ᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱴ
Coastline48 kilometres (30 mi)
ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ᱑᱐᱒᱘ /♀ /᱑᱐᱐᱐♂
ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ᱙᱘.᱕%
Development AgencyGCDA, GIDA
ClimateAm (Köppen)
Precipitation3,228.3 millimetres (127.10 in)
ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴcochinmunicipalcorporation.kerala.gov.in

ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱰᱤᱵᱽ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱨᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱨᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱙᱔.᱘᱘ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱖᱗᱗,᱓᱘᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ[᱔] ᱟᱨ ᱔᱔᱐ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱑ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ[᱙][᱑᱐] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱼ ᱒ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱞᱟᱥᱤᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱵᱚᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱩᱢᱩᱴ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨᱟ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱭᱫᱷᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱩᱢᱩᱴ ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱢᱮᱸᱴ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ[᱑᱑] (GCDA) ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱢᱮᱸᱴ ᱚᱴᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ (GIDA) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱒]

ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱥᱮᱝᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱢᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱢ (Cocym), চচিম (Cochym), ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱢ(Cochin) ᱨ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ (Kochi) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱤᱦᱩᱫᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ 'ᱠᱚᱜᱤᱱ' (Kogin, Hebrew: קוגין) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ (Synagogue) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱟᱯ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱟᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ 'ᱛᱩᱦᱯᱷᱟᱛ ᱩᱞ ᱢᱩᱡᱟᱦᱤᱫᱽᱫᱤᱱ' ᱧᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾'ᱠᱚᱪᱤ" ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ 'ᱠᱳᱪᱩ ᱟᱡᱤ' (kochu azhi) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱟᱭ-ᱩᱢᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱠ ᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟ' ᱥᱮ 'ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟ'᱾ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱚᱲᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱱᱤᱠᱚᱞᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱴᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱞᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪᱪᱤ' ᱠᱚ ᱢᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱭᱮᱞ (Backwaters) ᱥᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱯᱨᱩᱛᱤᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ 'ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱴᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱠᱚ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱟᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱞᱹᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ 'ᱚᱪᱤ; ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱣᱨᱚ ᱱᱤᱜᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱫᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱤᱞᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱫᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱡᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾

ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱢᱩᱡᱤᱨᱤᱥ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱨᱤᱥᱩᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱰᱟᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱰᱟᱭᱟᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱧᱩᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱥᱚᱞᱟ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ,ᱭᱚᱵᱚᱱ (ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ) ᱡᱤᱦᱩᱫᱤ, ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱓᱔᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱰᱩᱵᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱰᱩᱵᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱰᱩᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱡᱤᱨᱤᱥ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱭ ᱫᱷᱟᱢ-ᱫᱷᱟᱥᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱚᱲᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱱᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱟᱱᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱰᱢᱤᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱝ ᱦᱮᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱞᱴᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱔᱔᱐ ᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱱᱤᱠᱚᱞᱚ ᱰᱟ ᱠᱮᱱᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱛᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱴᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱠᱚᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱢᱚᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱱᱟᱢᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱡᱟᱹᱨ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱩᱚᱢ ᱯᱮᱱᱱᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱩᱢᱯᱟᱫᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱰᱟᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ 'ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤ' ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱠᱟ ᱰᱟ ᱜᱟᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱠᱚᱴᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱠᱚᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱢᱳᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱴᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾

᱑᱕᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱮᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱟᱞᱵᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱵᱽᱨᱟᱞᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚᱞᱟᱱᱜᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ 'ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱢ'(Cochim) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱞᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱲᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖᱖᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱢᱚᱲᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱠᱚᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱹᱯᱤᱥ ᱦᱟᱯᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱜᱱᱰᱮᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱣᱫᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱫᱚ ‘ᱠᱮᱭᱤᱞᱤ’ (Keyili) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱠᱚᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱦ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱯᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱶᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱰᱢᱤᱨᱟᱞ ᱡᱮᱝ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱦᱩᱠᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱮᱭᱤᱞᱤ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱛᱷ᱾ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱹ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱱᱤᱠᱚᱞᱟ ᱰᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱭ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱭᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱚᱭᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱠᱚᱴ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱳᱢᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱱᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱱᱟᱱᱤᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱩᱢᱯᱟᱫᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱰᱟᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ‘ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤ’ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱠᱟ ᱰᱟ ᱜᱟᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱠᱚᱴᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱠᱚᱴ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱳᱢᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱩᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾

ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱩᱸᱰᱱᱱᱩᱨ ᱯᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱮᱣᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ

ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ 9°58′N 76°13′E / 9.967°N 76.217°E / 9.967; 76.217 ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱙᱔.᱘᱘ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾[᱑᱓]

ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱦᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱱ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱱᱮᱫᱩᱢᱵᱽᱥᱮᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱗ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱰᱚᱢᱮᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱟᱜᱩ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾[᱑᱔] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ[᱑᱕] ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱞᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱨᱡᱤ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ, ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ, ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱰᱮᱥᱴᱤᱱᱚᱥᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱷᱭᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱲᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱱᱚᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱖᱖, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱕᱔᱔, ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱙᱖᱖ᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱙᱖᱖B ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱵᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾[᱑᱖][᱑᱗][᱑᱘]

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ
ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱲᱟ
ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ
 
 44%
ᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ
 
 38%
ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ
 
 17%
ᱮᱴᱟᱜ
 
 1%

᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱑,᱑᱗,᱙᱙᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱼᱠᱷᱚᱱᱼᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱑,᱐᱒᱘: ᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱙᱓᱓: ᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱪᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱙᱗.᱕% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]


ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]
  1. ↑ K. C. Sivaramakrishnan (2006). People's Participation in Urban Governance. Concept Publishing Company. p. 156. ISBN 81-8069-326-0. Archived from the original on 8 ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2016.
  2. ↑ Ganesh Kumar (ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2010). Modern General Knowledge. Upkar Prakashan. p. 194. ISBN 978-81-7482-180-5. Archived from the original on 6 ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2016.
  3. ↑ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ ᱦᱩᱲᱟᱹᱜ:Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "ernakulam.nic.in".
  4. 1 2 3 "Profile of Kochi". Kochi Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  5. ↑ "Demographia World Urban Areas" (PDF). demographia.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 August 2011.
  6. ↑ "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 million and above" (PDF). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 December 2011.
  7. ↑ Sadasivan, S.N. (2005). Territorial Integration. Political and Administrative Integration of Princely States. Mittal Publications. p. 64. ISBN 9788170999683.
  8. ↑ Menon, K.P.S. (23 January 1977). "My Kerala". Sunday. Vol. 4, no. 44. Ananda Bazar. p. 31.
  9. ↑ "Urban Sector Kerala" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 March 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2012.
  10. ↑ "Steps to control pollution in Greater Kochi area mooted". The Hindu. 20 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2010. Archived from the original on 6 ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2013.
  11. ↑ "GCDA - Greater Cochin Development Authority". Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  12. ↑ "Indian Census 2011 list of cities" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
  13. ↑ "Cochin City Profile". Kochi Municipal Corporation. Archived from the original on 3 March 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
  14. ↑ "The Official Website of Cochin International Airport". Cochin-airport.in. Archived from the original on 26 March 2010. Retrieved 14 October 2010.
  15. ↑ "A novel venture in the history of Indian Aviation". Cochin International Airport. Archived from the original on 23 May 2006. Retrieved 23 May 2006.
  16. ↑ "NS&EW Corridor Map". National Highway Authority of India. Archived from the original on 27 ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ 2011. Retrieved 24 ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2011.
  17. ↑ "NS&EW Corridor Chainage Chart". National Highway Authority of India. Archived from the original on 20 ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ 2010. Retrieved 24 ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2011.
  18. ↑ "A mammoth task achieved". The Hindu. 11 ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ 2011. Archived from the original on 9 ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 2012. Retrieved 22 ᱢᱟᱨᱪ 2011.

ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ

[ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ | ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]

ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱠᱚᱪᱤ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ) ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:Neighbourhoods of Kochi

ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱮᱨᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ

"https://sat.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ᱠᱚᱪᱤ&oldid=195673" ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭ